Implementasi Sistem Keamanan Pintar Berbasis Internet Of Things Dengan Esp32-Cam, Pir, Dan Esp32 Mode Manual-Otomatis Menggunakan Energi Surya

Abstract

The use of conventional CCTV systems is considered inefficient for security applications due to manual monitoring requirements, the need for additional guards, the absence of real-time alerts, and strong dependence on grid electricity. These limitations highlight the need for a more capable and efficient visual-based security system. This study designs and implements an intelligent security device integrating an ESP32 microcontroller, an ESP32-CAM, a PIR sensor, and a servo mechanism powered by a 100 Wp Surya panel. System performance was quantitatively evaluated using detection accuracy, latency, and power consumption parameters. Experimental results demonstrate excellent performance, achieving 100% detection accuracy across 10 test cycles in both manual and automatic modes, with consistent system latency between 2.3–2.5 seconds and stable video streaming at 14–15 fps. The dual-mode operation eliminates synchronization conflicts and priority issues reported in previous studies, while maintaining zero streaming disruptions and 100% servo motor positioning precision with an angular error of ±1°. Power consumption was optimized to 1.9 W, supported by a Surya-battery system providing 403.56 Wh of backup energy, enabling continuous 24-hour security operation even under suboptimal lighting conditions. This prototype validates its practical applicability for remote industrial security monitoring in off-grid locations, offering a sustainable and cost-effective solution for agricultural, construction, and residential environments.