Analisis Kapasitas Petani Kopi Gayo dalam Praktik Pasca Panen Kopi

Abstract

This research analyzes the capacity of Gayo coffee farmers in implementing post- harvest Good Handling Practices (GHP) by highlighting the role of the relationship between farmers and their market managers (hereinafier referred to as "Tauke") as a key determinant of the socio-economic system of coffee in Central Aceh. The research uses a descriptive qualitative method with participatory observation techniques and in-depth interviews with farmers, Tanke, and local support institutions in three research villages. The results indicate that farmer capacity is determined not only by technical skills and knowledge of GHP, but also by social structure, economic interdependence, and the relations between Tauke and farmers, which shapes production and marketing behavior. Tauke dominates pricing and market access, providing capital and controlling the direction of harvest distribution. Although the government has provided post-harvest equipment, its utilization remains limited due to limited technical capabilities and operational costs. Social and economie dependence on Tauke has led most farmers to choose to sell coffee cherries to meet liquidity needs, while only a small proportion of medium- to high-capacity farmers are able to independently process coffee down to the green bean stage. These findings confirm that the implementation of Good Handling Practices (GHP) in the Gayo region cannot be separated from the context of local social relations and economic structures. Therefore, increasing farmer capacity needs to be directed at strengthening farmer group institutions, providing ongoing mentoring, and transforming the Tauke-farmer relations toward a more equitable and participatory partnership.