Efektivitas Pemberian Terapi Kognitif Perilaku dan Keterampilan Koping dalam Memprediksi Risiko Kambuh (Relapse) pada Pecandu Narkoba yang Menjalani Rehabilitasi di Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Relapse among individuals with substance use disorders after rehabilitation remains a serious concern, with data indicating that nearly 90% of former users return to substance use. This condition highlights the need for interventions that not only target cognitive restructuring but also strengthen practical skills for managing relapse triggers. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and a combination of CBT and Coping Skills (CS) in reducing relapse risk. The study employed a true experimental design using a pretest–posttest control group design. Participants consisted of 14 residents of Yayasan Titian Harapan Indonesia who were randomly assigned to two groups: a CBT group and a combined CBT & CS group. Relapse risk was measured using the Advance Warning of Relapse (AWARE) Scale, which demonstrated high reliability with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.914. Data analysis using the Mann–Whitney test revealed a significant difference in effectiveness between the two groups (p = .008, p < .05). Furthermore, the N-Gain analysis showed that the CBT & CS group experienced a high reduction in relapse risk (−0.71), whereas the CBT-only group demonstrated a moderate reduction (−0.65). These findings suggest that integrating cognitive restructuring with coping skills training produces a more comprehensive therapeutic effect than CBT alone in preventing relapse among individuals undergoing substance abuse rehabilitation.