Karakterisasi Morfologi pada Fase Vegetatif dan Generatif pada Populasi Jagung Pelangi (Zea mays L.) Generasi F4 Hasil Persilangan Terbuka 3 Tetua

Abstract

This study aims to determine the characteristics of F4 generation corn plants resulting from F3 free crossing, which are expected to be useful as a genetic source for forming a new base population as selection material for developing desired varieties. The study was conducted at Jalan Pasar 1 No. 296 Tanjung Sari, Medan Selayang District, from March to June 2025 using descriptive statistical analysis methods. The corn seeds used were pre-mixed seeds taken at random. The parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, male flowering age, female flowering age, difference in male and female flowering age, male flower color, female flower color, stem color, and stem hair color. The results showed that the phenotypic variance values had diverse or broad criteria for the characteristics of plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, male flowering age, and female flowering age. Qualitative observations of male flower color and variations between observations were green and greenish purple, while female flowers varied in color between green and brown. Qualitative observation characteristics for stem color showed color variations, namely green and purple. In qualitative observations of hair color, there were no variations because there was only one color, namely white.