Kajian Sifat Fisika Tanah Pada Perkebunan Kelapa sawit(Elaeis guineensis jacq.)Rakyat Di kecamatan Bilahulu Kabupaten Labuhan Batu

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties of soil in smallholder oil palm plantations in Bilah Hulu District, Labuhanbatu Regency. The method used in this study was a survey method conducted in the field followed by soil sample analysis in the laboratory. Soil sampling in this study used a purposive sampling technique based on Land Map Units (SPL) which were overlaid from slopes of 0-8%; 8-15%; 25-45%. SPL 1, SPL 2, SPL 3, SPL 4 are Ultisol soil types while SPL 5, SPL 6, SPL 7 are Inceptisol soil types. Data from the analysis of soil physical properties in the laboratory were compared with the table of criteria for soil physical properties. Soil texture in smallholder oil palm plantations in Bilah Hulu District, Labuhan Batu Regency, consists of four texture classes. Ultisol soil has a texture of sand, clayey sand, and sandy clay loam. Inceptisol soil has a texture of sandy clay and clayey sand. Ultisol soil has brown, dark brown, dark dark brown, dark dark brown, and brownish yellow colors. Inceptisol soil is dominated by dark brown, brown, and dark brown colors. Ultisol soil bulk density has high criteria with a range of 1.21–1.63 g/cm³, while Inceptisol soil has soil bulk density with medium to high criteria ranging from 1.02–1.27 g/cm³. The particle density value in both types of soil is relatively uniform, which is between 2.44–2.80 g/cm³ with low to medium criteria. Ultisol soil porosity has soil porosity ranging from 39.66–56.81% with poor to poor criteria, while Inceptisol soil has higher soil porosity, which is 46.85–60.82% with poor to porous criteria. The soil water content in Ultisol ranges from 8.14–23.82% with moderate to high criteria, while in Inceptisol soil the soil air content ranges from 9.58–27.93% with low to high criteria. Ultisol soil has a coverage capacity of between 34.35–39.86%, while Inceptisol soil has a higher coverage capacity of 41.18–46.94%