Kajian Rugi-Rugi Terhadap Efficiency pada Turbin Uap Single Stage Double Row

Abstract

Low steam turbine efficiency is a fundamental problem in the power generation industry, caused by various types of losses during the operational process. This study aims to analyze the comparison of steam turbine efficiency in the field with the ideal value obtained through theoretical calculations, identify the parameters that affect steam turbine efficiency that does not reach the ideal value, evaluate various aspects of losses that occur in steam turbines, and design maintenance strategies for key components to reduce these losses. The research methodology uses a theoretical and simulation approach with stages including field studies, literature reviews, problem formulation, determination of research variables, data collection, theoretical and simulation data processing, and analysis of theoretical and simulation calculation results on a single-stage double-row steam turbine with a power of 1000 kW and a rotation speed of 5000 rpm. The results of theoretical calculation analysis with loss variations of 3%, 5%, and 10% in the first variation blade coefficient (0.86, 0.84, 0.88) show an efficiency of around 58% to 64%, while for the second variation blade coefficient (0.84, 0.86, 0.88), the efficiency obtained was around 57% to 63% under superheated and saturated steam conditions. Of the six types of losses analyzed, there are three types of losses that are the largest, including losses in the blades, control valves, and nozzles. Thus, comprehensive maintenance planning is required for the main components of steam turbines, especially for components where the largest losses occur, to optimize the operational efficiency of steam turbines.