Analisis Jumlah Perawat Optimal pada Layanan Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit XYZ dengan Menggunakan Metode WISN dan NASA-TLX

Abstract

Hospital XYZ is a type C healthcare facility that provides both medical and non-medical services. This study aims to analyze the optimal nurse staffing requirements in inpatient units. Based on Minister of Health Regulation No. 340/MENKES/PER/III/2010, the ideal nurse-to-bed ratio is 2:3; however, the hospital’s staffing level only reaches 75% in Class 3 units and 96.43% in Class 1 and 2 units. In addition, the Bed Occupancy Rate (BOR) in several units was recorded at 107.31% in Class 1 and 2 and 88.83% in Class 3, exceeding the ideal standard set by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (2005), indicating a shortage of nursing staff. This research employed the Workload Indicator of Staffing Need (WISN) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) methods. Data were collected through daily logs, document reviews, questionnaires, and interviews covering all nursing activities in inpatient units, including direct, indirect, and non-productive tasks. The WISN analysis revealed that the optimal number of nurses should be 9 in the VIP and Pediatric Units (currently 16 available), 19 in Class 1 and 2 Units (currently 18), and 26 in Class 3 Units (currently 20). Meanwhile, the NASA-TLX results indicated a high workload level in the VIP and Pediatric Units and a very high workload level in Class 1, 2, and 3 Units. These findings demonstrate an imbalance between the number of nurses and the workload they face. Therefore, a more accurate workforce planning approach is needed to maintain workload balance and service quality. Additionally, redistributing nursing staff among units may serve as an alternative strategy to enhance efficiency and improve the quality of nursing services at Hospital XYZ.