Analisis Konsep Blue Economy pada Kelautan di Indonesia Ditinjau dari Hukum Laut Internasional

Abstract

Indonesia comprises more than 17,000 islands and has a maritime area of approximately 5.8 million km2, providing substantial potential in fisheries, tourism, and maritime industries. However, unsustainable exploitation has resulted in ecosystem degradation and conflicts of interest. The blue economy concept emerges as a marine-based development approach emphasizing sustainability, efficiency, and inclusivity, although its implementation in Indonesia still faces significant challenges. This thesis is entitled “An Analysis of the Blue Economy Concept in Indonesia’s Marine Sector from the Perspective of International Law of the Sea.” This study addresses three main issues: the regulation of the Blue Economy concept under international law of the sea; the regulation of the blue economy in relation to the sustainability of marine ecosystems and the maritime economy in Indonesia; and the implementation of the blue economy concept in supporting sustainable development of marine ecosystems and the maritime economy. The method employed in this thesis is normative juridical research, which refers to the study of legal norms conducted through library research in order to obtain secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials relevant to the issues under examination. This research is descriptive in nature. The Blue Economy concept is implicitly regulated under international and national legal frameworks that emphasize the sustainable management of marine resources, including UNCLOS 1982, the Convention on Biological Diversity 1992, the UNFCCC 1994, and MARPOL 1973, which have been adopted and implemented by Indonesia through various national laws and maritime policies. These regulations reflect Indonesia’s commitment to balancing economic, social, and environmental interests in marine resource management. The implementation of the Blue Economy has generated positive impacts, both ecologically through biodiversity conservation, pollution control, and coastal ecosystem rehabilitation and economically, by enhancing fisheries productivity, strengthening maritime industries, and promoting the diversification of the marine-based economy.