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    Optimasi Sintesis Monogliserida dari Minyak Inti Sawit Menggunakan Katalis Natrium Hidroksida dan Pelarut Ter-Butanol

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    Date
    2012
    Author
    Kuncorowati, Sri
    Advisor(s)
    Ginting, Mimpin
    Siahaan, Donald
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    Abstract
    Monogliserida merupakan salah satu produk yang dihasilkan dari minyak inti sawit yang berfungsi sebagai emulsifier. Industri sabun, deterjen, kosmetik dan pangan sangat membutuhkan monogliserida bagi pengolahan produksinya, namun di Indonesia ketersediannya masih kurang memadai sehingga harus diimpor. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa peluang investasi dan produksi MG di dalam negeri sangat baik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan sintesis monogliserida melalui gliserolisis minyak inti sawit yaitu Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Kernel Oil (RBDPKO) menggunakan katalis NaOH dalam pelarut ter-butanol dan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum reaksi seperti: rasio mol RBDPKO/gliserol, konsentrasi katalis serta suhu reaksi. Penelitian berupa eksperimen laboratorium yang dibagi menjadi tiga tahap: 1). Karaktrerisasi bahan baku yakni menentukan kadar asam lemak bebas dan kadar air dari bahan baku yang digunakan 2). Penentuan titik tengah yang digunakan sebagai titik nol dalam percobaan 3). Menentukan kondisi optimum reaksi dengan metode respon permukaan dimana variabel bebasnya diambil dari hasil percobaan pada penentuan titik tengah yakni: rasio mol gliserol/RBDPKO titik tertinggi, titik nol dan titik terendahnya masing-masing (10:1, 15:1 dan 20:1), konsentrasi katalis (1%, 1,5% dan 2% b/bRBDPKO) serta suhu (80o, 90o dan 95o Hasil analisis karakteristik bahan baku didapatkan kadar asam lemak bebas 0,18% dan kadar air 0,041%. Dari pengolahan data analisis hasil giserolisis menggunakan parangkat lunak minitab 14 didapatkan kondisi optimum reaksi pada rasio gliserol/RBDPKO (7:1-10:1), konsentrasi katalis (1-2)% serta suhu pada (82-90) C). Sedangkan untuk variabel tetap adalah total campuran reaksi 200 gram, kecepatan pengadukan 700 rpm, waktu pengadukan 1 jam dan jumlah pelarut 20 ml/10 gram RBDPKO. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis dan kromatografi gas. oC.
     
    Monoglyceride is one of the products produced from palm kernel oil that functions as emulsifier. In Manufacturing of soap, detergents, cosmetics and food,the monoglyceride is essentialfor their processing production, but in Indonesia the availability is still inadequate so it must be imported. This condition indicates that the investment opportunities and MG production in the country is very prospective. The research aims to conduct the monoglyceride synthesis through glycerolysis of palm kernel oil namelyRefinedBleachedDeodorizedPalmKernelOil(RBDPKO) usingNaOHcatalystin asolvent Research inexperimental laboratory experiments was divided into three phases: 1). Characterization of the raw materials that determine the levels of free fatty acids and water content of the raw material used 2). Determination of the midpoint is used as the zero point in the experiment 3). Determine the optimum reaction conditions by response surface method in which the independent variables drawn from the results of experiments on the determination of the midpoint of which were: mole ratio of glycerol / RBDPKO highest point, the zero point and lowest point of each (10:1, 15:1 and 20:1) , the concentration of catalyst (1%, 1.5% and 2% w / bRBDPKO) and temperature (80tert-butanol solvent and to determine the optimum reaction conditions such as: the mole ratio RBDPKO / glycerol, the catalyst concentration as well as the reaction temperature o, 90o and 95o From the characteristics of the raw materials analysis obtained free fatty acid contents 0.18% and the water contents0.041%. From the result of data software using Minitab 14, optimum reaction conditions obtained in the ratio of glycerol / RBDPKO (7:1-10:1), catalyst concentration (1-2)% and the temperature on the (82-90) C). As for the fixed variable was the total reaction mixture of 200 grams, the stirring speed of 700 rpm, stirring time of 1 hour and the amount of solvent is 20 ml/10 grams RBDPO. Analyses were performed through the method of thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography. oC.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/14216
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara - 2025

    Universitas Sumatera Utara

    Perpustakaan

    Resource Guide

    Katalog Perpustakaan

    Journal Elektronik Berlangganan

    Buku Elektronik Berlangganan

    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV