| dc.description.abstract | Sepatu kuda umumnya terbuat dari bahan baja dirancang khusus sebagai pelindung antara medan yang dilaluinya dengan kuku kuda. Selain massanya berat, mekanisme kerja dan sirkulasi darah juga terganggu. Berdasarkan hal tersebut direncanakan penelitian dengan merekayasa sepatu kuda dari bahan alternatif polymeric foam diperkuat fiberglass dan bahan penyusun lain seperti polyurethane. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisa struktur sepatu kuda dari beberapa komposisi bahan penyusun menghasilkan karakteristik mekanik. Fiberglass dicampur dengan resin thermoset type 157 BQTN-Ex dan katalis. Polyurethane (Polyol dan isocianate) sebagai blowing agent diolah menjadi polymeric foam. Pengujian karakteristik terhadap lima komposisi spesimen uji menghasilkan respon mekanik melalui pengujian tekan statik, tarik dan keausan. Komposisi C dengan kandungan resin 55%, blowing agent 30%, katalis 5% dan fiberglass 10% menunjukkan hasil terbaik dibanding komposisi A, B, D dan E. Pengujian tekan statik aksial terhadap lima komposisi menghasilkan nilai tegangan tekan maksimum pada komposisi C2 sebesar 21.72 MPa dan gaya maksimum pada komposisi C2 sebesar 25.93 kN. Untuk komposisi C nilai tegangan tekan maksimum rata-rata 19.13 MPa dan gaya tekan maksimum rata-rata 22.838 kN. Pengujian tarik terhadap lima komposisi menghasilkan tegangan tarik maksimum terdapat pada komposisi C3 sebesar 23.468 MPa dan gaya tarik maksimum pada komposisi C3 sebesar 1.57 kN. Nilai tegangan tarik maksimum rata-rata komposisi C sebesar 19.37 MPa dan nilai gaya maksimum rata-rata sebesar 1.21 kN. Pengujian keausan dengan variasi komposisi terhadap putaran dan beban yang tetap menghasilkan laju keausan terendah terdapat pada spesimen C dengan nilai 0.041 mm3/s, lebar jejak keausan rata-rata sebesar 1079.87 μm dan kedalaman jejak sebesar 266.10 μm. Pengujian struktur impak jatuh bebas terhadap lima sampel sepatu kuda 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 jarak impak 2,5 m, 2 m, 1.5 m, 1 m dan 0.5 meter dengan berat impaktor 10 kg sampel uji tidak mengalami keretakan/ patah, menghasilkan tegangan tertinggi pada sampel 1A dengan nilai tegangan 0.154 MPa dan gaya maksimum terdapat pada sampel 1A sebesar 874.95 N. Sedangkan pada pengujian struktur impak jatuh bebas terhadap empat sampel sepatu kuda 6, 7, 8, dan 9 jarak impak 3 m, 2.5 m, 2 m dan 1.5 m dengan berat impaktor 12.5 kg sampel uji mengalami retak/ patah pada ketinggian 3 m dan 2.5 m, mengasilkan nilai tegangan impak tertinggi pada sampel 6B sebesar 0.21 MPa dan gayanya sebesar 1185.5 N. Prinsipnya semakin tinggi jarak impaktor yang diberikan pada sampel sepatu kuda maka gaya dan tegangan akan semakin tinggi namun tingkat kerusakan juga semakin besar. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Horseshoes are generally made of steel which is designed specifically to protect the horse’s hooves from the terrain that it passes. In addition to its heavy mass, the action mechanism and blood circulation can be disrupted. Based on this, the present study was conducted by engineering horseshoes from an alternative material of polymeric foam which was reinforced by fiberglass and other constituent materials, such as polyurethane. The aim of this study was to analyze the structure of horseshoes from several compositions of constituent materials to produce mechanical characteristics. Fiberglass was mixed with 157 BQTN-Ex thermoset resin and catalyst. Polyurethane (polyol and isocyanate) as a blowing agent was processed into the polymeric foam. The characteristics testing of the five specimen compositions resulted in a mechanical response through the static pressure, tensile, and wear testing. Composition C which contained 55% resin, 30% blowing agent, 5% catalyst, and 10% fiberglass showed the best results compared to composition A, B, D, and E. The axial static pressure testing of the five compositions showed that the maximum compressive stress value was found in composition C2 with 21.72 MPa , and the maximum force was found in composition C2 with 25.93 kN. For composition C, the average maximum compressive stress value was 19.13 MPa, while the average maximum compressive force was 22.838 kN. Furthermore, the tensile testing of the five compositions produced the maximum tensile stress in C3 composition which was 23.468 MPa, and the maximum tensile force in C3 composition was 1.57 kN. The average maximum tensile stress of composition C was 19.37 MPa, and the average maximum force was 1.21 kN. The wear testing with variations in the composition to the constant rotation and load produced the lowest wear rate in specimen C with a value of 0.041 mm3/s, whereas the average wear width of the trail was 1079.87 μm, and the trace depth was 266.10 μm. The testing of the impact structure of free fall on the five horseshoe samples 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 with an impact distance of 2.5 m, 2 m, 1.5 m, 1 m, and 0.5 m and the impactor weight of 10 kg in which the test samples were not cracked/broken produced the highest voltage in sample 1A with a value of 0.154 MPa, while the maximum force found in sample 1A was 874.95 N. On the other hand, the testing of the impact structure of free fall on the four horseshoe samples 6, 7, 8, and 9 with an impact distance of 3 m, 2.5 m, 2 m, and 1.5 m and the impactor weight of 12.5 kg in which the test samples were fractured/broken at the height of 3 m and 2.5 m produced the highest impact stress value in the sample 6B which was 0.21 MPa, and the force was 1185.5 N. In principle, if the distance of the impactor given to the horseshoe samples is higher, the force and stress will be greater, but the level of damage will be even greater. | en_US |
