Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support dan Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Organizarional Citizenship Behavior pada Karyawan PT Pelabuhan Indonesia I (Persero)

Abstract

Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) merupakan komponen yang sangat penting dalam rangka mempertahankan keunggulan kompetitif dan mendukung strategi bisnis perusahaan. Salah satu yang menentukan kualitas dan keunggulan SDM yaitu kesediaan karyawan untuk mengerjakan tugas diluar atau melampaui deskripsi tugas dan peran formalnya. Peran karyawan seperti ini merupakan dasar dalam konsep Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perceived organizational support dan gaya kepemimpinan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior karyawan. Penelitian ini melibatkan karyawan PT Pelabuhan Indonesia I (Persero) dengan sampel berjumlah 192 subyek terdiri dari 22 unit kerja. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan skala perceived organizational support, skala gaya kepemimpinan, dan skala organizational citizenship behavior. Berdasarkan analisis regresi, ditemukan bahwa perceived organizational support berpangaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship, gaya kepemimpinan direktif memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior, gaya kepemimpinan suportif memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior, gaya kepemimpinan patisipatif memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior, dan gaya kepemimpinan berorientasi prestasi memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior. Kemudian perceived organizational support, gaya kepemimpinan direktif, gaya kepemimpinan suportif, gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif, dan gaya kepemimpinan berorientasi prestasi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior. Implikasi dari penelitian ini dapat membantu perusahaan untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan dukungan kepada karyawan dan memaksimalkan peran pemimpin dalam membangun lingkungan kerja yang bersahabat dan mampu memberikan rasa aman dan nyaman bagi karyawan, karena dengan cara ini dapat menumbuhkan perilaku citizenship pada karyawan.

Human Resources (HR) is an essential component in order to maintain competitive advantage and support the company's business strategy. One of determines the quality and superiority of HR is the willingness of employees to work on tasks beyond or beyond the description of their duties and formal roles. The role of employees like this is the basis of the concept of Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of perceived organizational support and leadership style on organizational citizenship behavior of employees. This study involved employees of PT Pelabuhan Indonesia I (Persero) with a sample of 192 subjects consisting of 22 work units. The research data was collected using scale perceived organizational support, the scale of leadership style, and scale of organizational citizenship behavior. Based on regression analysis, it was found that perceived organizational support had a positive and significant influence on organizational citizenship. Directive leadership style had a positive and significant influence on organizational citizenship behavior, supportive leadership style had a positive and significant influence on organizational citizenship behavior, participatory leadership style had a positive and significant influence on organizational citizenship behavior, and achievement-oriented leadership styles have a positive and significant influence on organizational citizenship behavior. Perceived organizational support, directive leadership style, supportive leadership style, participatory leadership style, and achievement-oriented leadership style together have a significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. The implications of this research can help companies to maintain and increase support for employees and maximize the role of leaders in building a friendly work environment and able to provide a sense of security and comfort for employees because this way is to foster citizenship behavior in employees