Lexicogrammatical Features on Recount Texts Written by The Third Grade Students of SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan

Abstract

Many studies were conducted on the ability of junior high school students in writing a recount text and the techniques or strategies used in teaching writing a recount text; however, very few studies were concerned on how the junior high school students used lexicogrammatical features in writing a recount text. This study aims at (1) finding out the participant types written by the third grade students of SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan in their recount text; (2) finding out the process types written by the third grade students of SMP Dharma Pancasila in their recount text; and (3) finding out the circumstance types written by the third grade students of SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan in their recount text.This studywas done using a descriptive qualitative method.The data of the research were recount texts written by the third grade students of SMP Dharma Pancasilalocated on Jalan Dr. Mansyur Medan. 23 students were asked to write a recount text in ninety minutes based on the given topics. The findings of this research were: (1) the types of participants written by the third grade students of SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan were individual and non-individual participants, specific participants, and human participants; (2) there were five types of process used by the third grade students of SMP Dharma Pancasila in writing recount texts, they are material process (49%), relational process (25%), mental process (15%), behavioural process (6%), verbal process (5%); and (3) there were seven types of circumstances used by the third grade students of SMP Dharma Pancasila in writing recount texts, they are circumstance of place (49%), circumstance of time (31%), circumstance of accompaniment (7%), circumstance of manner (6%), circumstance of cause (5%), circumstance of angle (1%), and circumstance of matter (1%).

Banyak penelitian sebelumnya dilakukan untuk menemukan kemampuan siswa SMP dalam menulis teks recount dan teknik atau strategi yang digunakan dalam pengajaran teks recount, akan tetapi sangat sedikit penelitian yang membahas tentang bagaimana siswa SMP menggunakan unsur-unsur leksikogramar (lexicogrammar)dalam menulis teks recount. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menemukan jenis-jenis partisipan dalam teks recount yang ditulis oleh siswa-siswa kelas 3 SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan; (2) menemukan jenis-jenis proses dalam teks recount yang ditulis oleh siswa-siswa kelas 3 SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan; dan (3) menemukan jenis-jenis sirkumstan dalam teks recount yang ditulis oleh siswa-siswa kelas 3 SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data penelitian ini adalah teks recount yang ditulis oleh siswa-siswa kelas 3 SMP Dharma Pancasila Medanyang beralamat di Jalan Dr. Mansyur Medan. 23 siswa diminta untuk menulis teks recount selama 90 menit berdasarkan topik-topik yang telah disediakan. Temuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) jenis-jenis partisipan dalam teks recount yang ditulis oleh siswa-siswa kelas 3 SMP Dharma Pancasila Medanadalah partisipan individual dan non-individual, partisipan khusus, dan partisipan manusia; (2) ada lima jenis proses dalam teks recount yang ditulis oleh siswa-siswa kelas 3 SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan, yaitu proses material (49%), proses relational (25%), proses mental (15%), proses behavioural (6%), dan proses verbal (5%); dan (3) ada tujuh jenis sirkumstan dalam teks recount yang ditulis oleh siswa-siswa kelas 3 SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan, yaitu sirkumstan tempat (49%), sirkumstan waktu (31%), sirkumstan penyerta (7%), sirkumstan cara (6%), sirkumstan sebab akibat (5%), sirkumstan sudut pandang (1%), dan sirkumstan hal (1%).