Wacana Kohesi dan Kearifan Lokal dalam Cerita Rakyat Masyarakat Karo
View/ Open
Date
2017Author
Susilo, Hariadi
Advisor(s)
Nasution, Ikhwanuddin
Takari, Muhammad
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
This dissertation entitled the discourseof cohesion and the local wisdom of Karo people’s folklore. The source of research data is the story of “Manuk Sidanggur Dawa-Dawa” ”Beru Ginting Sope Mbelin”, “Si Beru Dayang” , and ”Merga Purba. Term of reference systematic writing of subject matter is a study with the study of cohesion discourse theory, the concept of local wisdom approach theory, literary anthropology and representative. The research method is library research, descriptive qualitative with data source of research consist of primary and secondary data.The final result of cohesion discourse research as aresearch text in discourse prase folklore Karo grammatical aspects are found as follows: (1) persona referrals include (a) the first single person pronouns; (b) pronomina persona second single; (c) single third person pronouns dan (d) pronouns persona third plural. (2) demonstration demonstrative (pronoun of pointer); (3) conjunctions; (4) recovey (substitution): (a) substitution of nouns; (b) substitution of verbs; (c) substitution of phrases/clauses; (d) substitution of sentences. (5) ellipses (misappropriation): (a) word ellipse (b) phrase ellipse. While on the lexical aspect also found the relationship between elements of discourse systematically is as follows: (1) repetition: (a) epizeuksis; (b) anadiplosis; (c) epistrofa; (2) synonymy; (3) antonymy; (4) collocation.
Local wisdom in the prose discourse, shows the exixtence of 26 cultural values that standout are (1) human relationship with itself there are 12 cultural values, namely (a) discipline value; (b) hardwork value; (c) creative value; (d) independent value; (e) the value of curiosity; (f) the value of the spirit of nationality; (g) the value of appreciating achievement; (h) friendly values; (i) the value of reading; (j) the value of responsibility; (k) the value of loyalty; (l) the value of willing to sacrifice, meanwhile, (2) the relationship between human and society has 8 cultural values, namely (a) the value of tolerance; (b) the value of the love of the homeland; (c) the value of social care; (d) the value of cohesiveness; (f) the value of mutual cooperation; (g) kinship value; (h) demonstration value, then (3) relationship with others there are 4 cultural values,namely (a) honest value; (b) value of self-esteem; (c) value of social control; (d) ethical value and (4) human relationsip with God is 1 cultural value that is (a) religious value, and (5) human relationships with nature, 1 cultural values that is (a) the value of care about the environment. Representative of local wisdom on prose discourse shows three meanings namely cultural meaning, solidarity and morals. Also found representatives of the text of the exposition of the folklore as follow: (1) the logic of knowledge is animism; (2) the belief of miracle and magic; (3) main characters who sent the gods to intermediares to humans; (4) kings have magic; (5) events of creation of living things from inanimate objects; (6) praying to the ancestral spirits; (7) preparing offerings for the spirits of ancestors who are believed to give goodness in their lives; (8) still believing in different things such as trees, animal; (9) the belief in a powerfull shaman, an angel whose parents are parrot and snake. This is of course the hallmark of an animism folklore. Disertasi ini berjudul Wacana Kohesi dan Kearifan Lokal Cerita rakyat masyarakat Karo. Sumber data penelitian adalah cerita ”Manuk Sidanggur Dawa-dawa”, ”Beru Ginting Sope Mbelin”, “Si Beru Dayang” , dan ”Merga Purba. Kerangka acuan sistematika penulisan pokok masalah adalah penelitian dengan kajian teori wacana kohesi, konsep kearifan lokal pendekatan teori, antropologi sastra, dan reprensentatif. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kepustakaan, kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data penelitian terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder. Hasil akhir penelitian wacana kohesi sebagai suatu penelitian teks dalam wacana prosa cerita rakyat Karo ditemukanlah aspek gramatikal sebagai berikut: (1) Pengacuan persona meliputi: (a) pronomina persona pertama tunggal; (b) pronomina persona kedua tunggal; (c) pronomina persona ketiga tunggal; dan (d) pronomina persona ketiga jamak. (2) Pengacuan demonstratif ( kata ganti penunjuk). (3) Konjungsi. (4) Penyulihan atau substitusi (a) Substitusi Nomina; (b) Substitusi Verba; (c) Substitusi Frasa/Klausa; (d) Substitusi Kalimat. (5) Elipsis (Pelesapan). (a) Elipsis Kata; (b) Pelesapan Frasa. Sedangkan pada Aspek leksikal ditemukan pula hubungan antar unsur dalam wacana secara sistematis, yakni sebagai berikut: (1) Repetisi (Perulangan) (a) Epizeuksis: (b) Anadiplosis; (c) Epistrofa. (2) Sinonimi. (3) Antonimi. (4) Kolokasi.
Kearifan lokal dalam wacana prosa tersebut, menunjukkan adanya 26 nilai budaya yang menonjol, yaitu (1) hubungan manusia dengan dirinya sendiri terdapat 12 nilai budaya, yaitu (a) nilai disiplin, (b) nilai kerja keras, (c) nilai kreatif, (d) nilai mandiri (e) nilai rasa ingin tau, (f) nilai semangat kebangsaan, (g) nilai menghargai prestasi, (h) nilai bersahabat, (i) nilai gemar membaca. (j) nilai tanggung jawab, (k) nilai kesetiaan (l) nilai rela berkorban; (2) hubungan manusia dengan masyarakat terdapat 8 nilai budaya, yaitu (a) nilai toleransi, (b) nilai cinta tanah air, (c) nilai peduli sosial, (d) nilai cinta damai (e) nilai kekompakkan, (f) nilai kegotongroyongan, (g) nilai kekeluargaan (h) nilai demontrasi, kemudian (3) hubungan dengan orang lain terdapat 4 nilai budaya, yaitu (a) nilai jujur, (b) nilai harga diri malu, (c) nilai kontrol sosial, (d) nilai etika, dan (4) hubungan dengan Tuhan, terdapat 1 nilai budaya, yaitu (a) nilai religius, serta (5) hubungan dengan alam 1 nilai budaya, yaitu (a) nilai peduli lingkungan. Representatif kearifan lokal pada wacana prosa menunjukkan tiga makna, yakni makna budaya, solidaritas, dan moral. Ditemukan pula representaitif teks paparan cerita sebagai berikut: (1) Logika pengetahuan bersifat animisme; (2) kepercayaan kemukjizatan dan ilmu gaib; (3) tokoh utama yang diutus dewa untuk perantara kepada manusia; (4) raja memunyai ilmu gaib; (5) peristiwa penciptaan benda hidup dari benda mati; (6) Berdoa kepada roh leluhur, (7) Menyiapkan sesajen untuk para arwah leluhur yang dipercaya akan memberikan kebaikan dalam hidup mereka; (8) Masih percaya kepada benda-benda seperti pohon, perilaku hewan, (9) adanya kepercayaan kepada dukun sakti, bidadari yang orang tuanya adalah seekor burung kakak tua dan ular. Hal ini tentu saja menjadi ciri dari cerita rakyat yang masih terdapat animism.