Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Ekstrak Herbal dan Probiotik Terhadap Produktivitas dan Mutu Ayam Pedaging

Abstract

Banyak upaya yang telah dilakukan oleh para peternak unggas dalam rangka meningkatkan produktivitas ayam pedaging. Beberapa tanaman tradisional yang sudah mulai diteliti dan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan suplemen pakan dan obat-obatan dalam budidaya ayam antara lain temulawak dan daun sukun. Probiotik merupakan produk masa depan yang digunakan sebagai alternatif pengganti antibiotik sebagai growth promotor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian probiotik, ekstrak herbal temulawak dan daun sukun terhadap produktivitas dan mutu ayam pedaging untuk memperoleh pakan ternak sebagai pengganti antibiotik. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan: Ko: pakan; K+: pakan+antibiotik; P1: pakan+ekstrak (0,1 g/100g)+probiotik (1%); P2: pakan+ekstrak (0,2 g/100g)+probiotik (2%) dan P3: pakan+ekstrak (0,3 g/100g)+probiotik (3%). Perlakuan diberikan selama 5 minggu. Setiap perlakuan menggunakan 12 ekor ayam jantan yang dibagi ke dalam 3 kandang (setiap kandang berisi 4 ekor ayam) dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Kontrol positif menggunakan antibiotik eritromisin. Parameter yang diukur adalah pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, kadar kolesterol total dan kadar protein. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pemberian probiotik, ekstrak herbal temulawak dan daun sukun terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan dan kadar kolesterol total (p<0.05), tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar protein ayam (p>0.05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian probiotik, ekstrak herbal temulawak dan daun sukun mampu meningkatkan produktivitas dan menurunkan kadar kolesterol ayam pedaging, namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap persentase protein ayam.

Many efforts have been made by poultry farmers in order to increase the productivity of Broilers. Some traditional plants that have begun to be researched and used as feed supplement ingredients and medicines in chicken cultivation include temulawak and breadfruit leaf. Probiotics are a future product that used as an alternative antibiotic as a growth promoter. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of administration curcuma herbal extracts, breadfruit leaves and probiotics to the productivity and quality of Broilers to obtain animal feed as an antibiotic substitute. The research method used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 negative: Ko: feed; K+: feed + antibiotic; P1: feed + extract (0.1 g / 100 g) + probiotics (1%); P2: feed + extract (0.2 g / 100 g)+probiotics (2%) and P3: feed + extract (0.3 g / 100 g) + probiotics (3%). Treatment was given for 5 weeks. Each treatment used 12 male chickens which divided into 3 cages (each cage contains 4 chickens) with three repetitions. Positive control used erythromycin antibiotics. The measured parameter were feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, total cholesterol levels, total protein and bacterial levels. The results of statistical analysis showed that administration of probiotics, temulawak and breadfruit leaf herbal extract significantly affected to feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion and total cholesterol (p<0.05), but did not significantly affected on protein levels(p>0.05). Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the administration of probiotics, temulawak and breadfruit leaf herbal extract could significantly increased the productivity and decreasedcholesterol levels but did not affected on protein levels of Broilers.