Pengembangan Protokol Tindakan Mandiri Perawat dalam Pencegahan Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) di Ruang ICU RSU Mitra Medika Medan

Abstract

Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is nosocomial infection which cause pneumonia after 48 hours and after the installment of mechanic ventilation. Nurses should be responsible for it so that they play an important role in doing independent action to prevent or to minimize VAP. The objective of the research was to develop protocol of nurses’ independent action in preventing VAP sat Mitra Medika Hospital, Medan. The research used action research consisted of the phases of reconnaissance, planning, acting and observing, and reflection done one cycle from January to May, 2019. The data were gathered by doing Focus Group Discussion (FGD), questionnaires on nurses’ knowledge, and observation on the level of nurses’ adherence to prevent VAP. There were 15 participants in FGD reconnaissance phase, 9 participants in reflection phase, and 28 participants in self-report, taken by using purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed by using quantitative method obtained from FGD data and qualitative method obtained from distribution of questionnaires on knowledge and observation on nurses’ adherence. The result of the research showed that there was the output of the protocol of nurses’ independent action in preventing VAP and outcome in increasing nurses’ independent action in preventing VAP in pre and post development ad implementation of decreasing VAP. It is recommended that this protocol be used as the reference in nurses’ independent action to prevent VAP so that their knowledge and adherence increase and the rate of the incidence of VAP decreases.