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    Pemanfaatan Bottom Ash Batubara Teraktivasi Koh untuk Menurunkan Kandungan Fosfat (PO43-) pada Limbah Deterjen

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    Date
    2019
    Author
    Ramadhan, Alfikri
    Advisor(s)
    Fatimah
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    Abstract
    Pembakaran batubara di industri pabrik menghasilkan bottom ash dan fly ash. Limbah bottom ash biasanya hanya dibuang begitu saja tanpa diproses lebih lanjut. Limbah bottom ash termasuk dalam kategori limbah yg berbahaya bagi lingkungan sekitar apabila tercemar. Untuk mengurangi limbah bottom ash tercemar ke lingkungan maka pada penelitian ini bottom ash akan dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben. Tahapan penelitian dimulai dari proses aktivasi selama 5 jam dengan larutan KOH 3M. Variasi yang digunakan adalah ukuran partikel (50-70 mesh, 70-110 mesh, dan 110-140 mesh), massa adsorben (1, 2 dan 3 gram), dan waktu kontak (20, 40, dan 60 menit). Sebelum dan Sesudah adsorben diaktivasi dilakukan karakterisasi morfologi dan unsur menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectrofotometer (SEM-EDS). Analisa ion fosfat yang terjerap dilakukan menggunakan Spektrofotmeter Uv-Vis. Model isoterm adsorpsi Freudlich dan Langmuir digunakan untuk menetukan model yang sesuai pada proses penjerapan adsorpsi. Bottom ash sebelum aktivasi yang dikarakterisasi dengan EDS memiliki kandungan O, Si, Al ,Br, K, Ca, Na, Fe, Mg, Ti dan karakterisasi menggunakan SEM menunjukkan bahwa pori-pori adsorben masih ditutupi oleh zat pengotor. Bottom ash sesudah aktivasi dikarakterisasi dengan EDS memiliki kandungan O, Si, Al, Br, K, Ca, Na dan karakterisasi menggunakan SEM menunjukkan bahwa permukaan adsorben menjadi kasar yang menunjukkan hilangnya logam-logam pengotor (Fe, Mg, Ti). Persentase penghilangan ion fosfat tertinggi (74,8 %) diperoleh pada ukuran partikel 110-140 mesh, berat adsorben 3 gram dan waktu kontak 60 menit. Kapasitas adsorpsi tertinggi (7,02 mg/g) diperoleh pada dosis berat adsorben 1 gram. Model isoterm yang sesuai untuk penelitian ini adalah model isoterm Freudlich dengan nilai R2 = 0,9512.
     
    Coal combustion in industry factory produces bottom ash and fly ash. Bottom ash waste is usually thrown away without further processing. Bottom ash waste is included in the category of waste that is harmful to the environment when polluted. To reduce bottom ash waste contaminated into the environment, in this study bottom ash will be used as an adsorbent. The research phase begins from the activation process for 5 hours with 3M KOH solution. Variations used were particle size (50-70 mesh, 70-110 mesh, and 110-140 mesh), mass of adsorbent (1, 2 and 3 grams), and contact time (20, 40, and 60 minutes). Before and after the adsorbent was activated morphology and element characterization was performed using the Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectrophotometer (SEM-EDS). Analysis of phosphate ions absorbed was carried out using Uv-Vis spectrophotometer. Freudlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models were used to determine the appropriate model in the adsorption adsorption process. Bottom ash before activation were characterized by EDS has the content of O, Si, Al, Br, K, Ca, Na, Fe, Mg, Ti and characterization using SEM shows that the adsorbent pores are still covered by impurities. Bottom ash after activation was characterized by EDS having the content of O, Si, Al, Br, K, Ca, Na and characterization using SEM showed that the surface of the adsorbent became rough indicating loss of impurity metals (Fe, Mg, Ti). The highest percentage of phosphate ion removal (74.8%) was obtained at particle size 110-140 mesh, adsorbent weight of 3 grams and contact time of 60 minutes. The highest adsorption capacity (7.02 mg / g) was obtained at a heavy dose of 1 gram adsorbent. The isotherm model that is suitable for this study is the Freudlich isotherm model with a value of R2 = 0.9512.

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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV