Pengaruh Surface Treatment Terhadap Kekuatan Lekat Bahan Silikon Soft Denture Lining pada Basis Gigi Tiruan Resin Akrilik Polimerisasi Panas

Abstract

Bahan silikon soft denture lining (SDL), yang terdiri dari autopolymerized silikon soft denture lining dan heatpolymerized silikon soft denture lining, telah banyak digunakan saat ini sebagai bahan lining basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik polimerisasi panas (RAPP) karena memiliki banyak kelebihan dari soft denture lining lainnya terutama sifat soft yang permanen dan biokompatibel sehingga sangat bermanfaat digunakan oleh pasien dengan defek palatal yang memiliki banyak jaringan undercut. Disamping kelebihan yang dimiliki, bahan silikon soft denture lining juga memiliki kekurangan yaitu kekuatan lekatnya yang lemah pada basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik polimerisasi panas. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kekuatan lekatnya adalah dengan mengkasarkan permukaan basis resin akrilik polimerisasi panas yang disebut dengan surface treatment. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tiga metode surface treatment terhadap kekuatan lekat autopolymerized silikon soft denture lining dan heatpolymerized silikon soft denture lining pada basis gigi tiruan resin akrilik polimerisasi panas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratoris. Keseluruhan sampel berjumlah 40 sampel yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu 20 sampel untuk kelompok bahan autopolymerized silikon SDL (Mollosil)-basis RAPP dan 20 sampel untuk kelompok bahan heatpolymerized silikon SDL (Molloplast)-basis RAPP. Setiap kelompok dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu tanpa surface treatment sebagai kontrol, dengan surface treatment sandblast, primer adhesif dan gabungan sandblast-primer adhesif. Pengukuran kekuatan lekat dilakukan menggunakan alat Universal Testing Machine (UTM) pada kecepatan 5 mm/menit yang akan menghasilkan nilai dan jenis failure yang dikorelasikan dengan gambaran morfologi permukaan basis RAPP tanpa dan dengan surface treatment menggunakan alat Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Perbedaan kekuatan lekat autopolymerized silikon soft denture lining dan heatpolymerized silikon soft denture lining dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Pengaruh surface treatment terhadap kekuatan lekat dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA satu arah, dan perbedaan pengaruh dianalisis dengan uji LSD. Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan kekuatan lekat antara autopolymerized silikon SDL-basis RAPP dan heatpolymerized silikon SDL pada kelompok tanpa surface treatment dan dengan surface treatment sandblast, primer adhesif dan gabungan sandblast-primer adhesif. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan ada pengaruh surface treatment sandblast, primer adhesif dan gabungan sandblast-primer adhesif terhadap kekuatan lekat autopolymerized silikon SDL-basis RAPP dan heatpolymerized silikon SDL-basis RAPP. Hasil uji LSD menunjukkan ada perbedaan pengaruh diantara kelompok tanpa surface treatment dan dengan surface treatment sandblast, primer adhesif dan gabungan sandblast-primer adhesif. Keseluruhan surface treatment memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan kekuatan lekat autopolymerized silikon SDL-basis RAPP dan heatpolymerized silikon SDLbasis RAPP. Surface treatment yang dianjurkan untuk digunakan adalah menggunakan primer adhesif karena menghasilkan kekuatan lekat yang paling baik pada autopolymerized silikon SDL-basis RAPP dengan nilai 0.815±0.053 MPa maupun pada kelompok heatpolymerized silikon SDL-basis RAPP dengan nilai 2.115±0.330 MPa.

Silicone soft denture lining material (SDL) contained by autopolymerized silicone soft denture lining and heatpolymerized silikon soft denture lining, nowdays have been famous as a lining of heatcured acrylic resin denture base material because they have better advantages than the other soft denture lining especially in soft permanently and biocompatibility properties. It is very benefit utilized by patient with several undercut in palatal defect. Besides its better advantages, silicone soft denture lining also has deficiency namely bond failure between the liner and heatcured acrylic resin denture base. One method has been conducted to increase bond strength between them is by roughened the interfaces of heatcured denture base and the silicone soft denture lining, which is commonly called surface treatment. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of 3 methods of surface treatment on bond strength of silicone soft denture lining to heatcured acrylic resin denture base. The type of these research was laboratory experimental. 40 samples were divided into 2 main groups of silicone soft denture lining material, consisted of 20 samples for autopolymerized silicone soft denture lining-heatcured acrylic resin denture base and 20 samples for heatpolymerized silicone soft denture lining material-heatcured acrylic resin denture base. Each group was divided into 4, namely without surface treatment as a control and with surface treatment of sandblast, primer adhesive and sandblast-primer adhesive combination. The bond strength was measured by universal testing machine at a cross head speed 5 mm/minute resulted score and failure type which was correlated to morphology view of heatcured acrylic resin denture base surface with and without surface treatment by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The difference between autopolymerized silicone soft denture lining and heatpolymerized silicone soft denture lining on bond strength to heatcured acrylic resin denture base were analyzed by using t test. The effect of surface treatment on bond strength were analyzed by one way ANOVA test and the comparison effect on bond strength among groups were analyzed by LSD test. Result of t test showed that there was difference bond strength between autopolymerized silicone soft denture lining and heatpolymerized silicone soft denture lining material to heatcured acrylic resin denture base in group without surface treatment and in group with surface treatment sandblast, primer adhesive and sandblast-primer adhesive combination. The result from one way ANOVA test showed that there was an effect of surface treatment sandblast, primer adhesive and sandblast-primer adhesive combination on bond strength of autopolymerized silicone soft denture lining and heatpolymerized silicone soft denture lining to heatcured acrylic resin denture base. Result of LSD test showed that there was difference effect of without surface treatment and with surface treatment sandblast, primer adhesive and sandblast-primer adhesive combination groups on bond strength of autopolymerized silicone soft denture lining and heatpolymerized silicone soft denture lining to heatcured acrylic resin denture base. All of the surface treatment which were done gave the effect to increase the bond strength of autopolymerized silicone soft denture lining-heatcured acrylic resin denture base and heatpolymerized silicone soft denture lining-heatcured acrylic resin denture base. Surface treatment which is suggested for used is primer adhesive either to autopolymerized silicone soft denture liningheatcured acrylic resin denture base with score 0.815±0.053 or to heatpolymerized silicone soft denture lining-heatcured acrylic resin denture base with score 2.115±0.330 MPa.