Aktivitas Penghambatan Perkembangan Sel Kanker Kolon (WiDr) dari Ekstrak N-Heksan Beberapa Daun Mangrove
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Date
2020Author
Istiqomah, Meighina Atika
Advisor(s)
Hasibuan, Poppy Anjelisa Z.
Basyuni, Mohammad
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Show full item recordAbstract
Latar Belakang: Selama kurun waktu 2019, penyebab kematian pertama di
Indonesia untuk semua jenis kelamin dan umur, penyakit kanker memiliki tingkat
pertama penyebab kematian. Kanker dengan persentase kasus tertinggi yaitu
kanker payudara dan kanker kolon. 5-FU merupakan first line pada terapi kanker
kolon, namun dalam jangka waktu lama dapat memberikan efek toksik ataupun
resistensi sehingga tidak dapat memberikan efek terapi. Daun mangrove memiliki
kandungan polyisoprenoid yang terbagi atas 2 komponen yaitu polyprenol dan
dolichol. Senyawa polyisoprenoid berkhasiat sebagai antikanker dan antivirus.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui aktivitas antikanker dari ekstrak n-heksan beberapa
daun mangrove yaitu Nypa fruticans, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora mucronata
melalui penghambatan siklus sel WiDr serta pemacuan apoptosis. Pengujian
ekspresi protein COX-2 dan regulasi ekspresi gen p53, EGFR, PI3K, Akt, mTOR.
Metode: Ekstrak n-heksan beberapa daun mangrove diperoleh dengan cara
maserasi, untuk pengujian antikanker dilakukan pengujian siklus sel dengan
metode flowcytometry, apoptosis secara metode double staining, pengujian
ekspresi COX-2 secara imunositokimia dan pengujian regulasi ekspresi gen p53,
EGFR, PI3K, Akt, mTOR dengan metode RT-PCR dengan menggunakan 5-FU
sebagai kontrol positif.
Hasil: Aktivitas antikanker ekstrak n-heksan beberapa daun mangrove ditentukan
dengan pengujian siklus sel yang dapat menghambat fase G0-G1 sebesar 87.94%
dan memiliki potensi yang sama dengan kontrol positif (5-FU) yaitu sebesar
88.12%. Up-regulation tumor suppressor gene (p53), down-regulation growth
factor EGFR, PI3K, Akt, dan mTOR.
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak n-heksan beberapa daun mangrove memiliki aktivitas
antikanker dengan menghambat siklus sel kanker WiDr dengan memicu apoptosis
dan menghambat proliferasi sel melalui penurunan regulasi ekspresi gen PI3K,
Akt, mTOR, EGFR serta peningkatan regulasi ekspresi gen p53 (tumor
suppressor gene). Background: During 2019, cancer comes first as the cause of death for all sexes
and age groups in Indonesia, with the highest percentage of cases consisted of
breast cancer and colon cancer. 5-FU is the first line in colon cancer therapy, but it
could be toxic or caused resistance effects in the long term. Therefore, it does not
have the ability to provide therapeutic effects. Mangrove leaves contain
polyisoprenoid which is divided into 2 components, namely polyprenol and
dolichol. Polyisoprenoid compounds are efficacious as anticancer and antiviral.
Aim: In order to find out the anticancer activity of n-hexane extract of some
mangrove leaves, namely Nypa fruticans, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora mucronata
inhibition of WiDr cell cycle and apoptotic driving were implemented. Tested of
COX-2 protein expression and regulation of p53, EGFR, PI3K, Akt, mTOR gene
expression.
Method: N-hexane extract of some mangrove leaves was obtained by maceration,
anticancer activity testing with cell cycle testing using the flowcytometry method,
apoptosis by double staining method, COX-2 expression test by
immunocytochemistry and tested the regulation of p53, EGFR, PI3K, Akt, mTOR
gene expression by used the 5-FU method as positive control.
Results: The anticancer activity of n-hexane extract of some mangrove leaves
ARE determined by cell cycle tested which can inhibit the G0-G1 phase by
87.94% and has the same potential as a positive control (5-FU) of 88.12%. Upregulation
tumour suppressor gene (p53), down-regulation growth factor EGFR,
PI3K, Akt, and mTOR.
Conclusion: N-hexane extract of some mangrove leaves had anticancer activity
by inhibited the WiDr cancer cell cycle by triggering apoptosis and inhibiting cell
proliferation through decreased regulation of PI3K gene expression, Akt, mTOR,
EGFR and increased regulation of p53 gene expression (tumour suppressor gene).
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