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    Analisis Yuridis Pembatalan Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (PPJB) Hak Atas Tanah (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 250 K/Pdt/2014, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1650 K/Pdt/2015, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2114 K/Pdt/2016, dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 98 K/Pdt/2016)

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    Date
    2020
    Author
    Afifah, Siti Afrah
    Advisor(s)
    Saidin
    Harianto, Dedi
    Azwar, T. Keizerina Devi
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    Abstract
    Peralihan hak yang menggunakan akta perjanjian pengikatan jual beli (PPJB) terkadang dapat terjadi pembatalan, baik atas permintaan para pihak sendiri untuk akta tertentu, atau dengan menggugat pihak lainnya ke Pengadilan Umum untuk membatalkan isi akta agar tidak mengikat lagi. Dari beberapa Putusan Mahkamah Agung yang dianalisis, pembatalan akta PPJB terjadi karena wanprestasi dengan alasan-alasan tertentu serta karena perbuatan melawan hukum, sedangkan maksud dibuatkan akta PPJB sebagai perjanjian yang mendahului proses peralihan hak untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum dan kepastian hukum bagi para pihak yang membuatnya. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut dirumuskan permasalahan : 1. Apakah pembatalan akta perjanjian pengikatan jual beli oleh Mahkamah Agung sudah sesuai dengan syarat kebatalan sebuah akta menurut peraturan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 250 K/Pdt/2014, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1650 K/Pdt/2015, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2114 K/Pdt/2016, dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 98 K/Pdt/2016?, 2. Bagaimanakah perlindungan hukum kepada para pihak yang dirugikan atas tidak terlaksananya akta perjanjian pengikatan jual beli dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 250 K/Pdt/2014, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1650 K/Pdt/2015, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2114 K/Pdt/2016, dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 98 K/Pdt/2016?, 3. Apakah yang menjadi dasar pertimbangan hukum para Hakim Mahkamah Agung tentang pembatalan akta perjanjian pengikatan jual beli dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 250 K/Pdt/2014, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1650 K/Pdt/2015, Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2114 K/Pdt/2016, dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 98 K/Pdt/2016? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, dan penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analisis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui library research dan field research, yang didapatkan melalui studi dokumen dan pedoman wawancara. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis secara kualitatif dan ditarik kesimpulan secara deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pembatalan akta perjanjian pengikatan jual beli oleh Mahkamah Agung sudah sesuai dengan syarat kebatalan sebuah akta menurut peraturan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku yang mengacu pada Pasal 1265, Pasal 1266, Pasal 1267, Pasal 1320, dan Pasal 1238 KUHPerdata. Perlindungan hukum kepada para pihak yang dirugikan dengan menyatakan akta batal demi hukum, dinyatakan batal, dengan konsekuensi uang muka menjadi hapus, meskipun pada Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1650 K/Pdt/2015 tidak diberikan karena tidak terdapat klausul mengenai syarat batalnya perjanjian dan seharusnya akta PPJB dinyatakan melanggar syarat objektif karena dibuat ketika terjadi tumpang tindih, perlindungan hukum kepada Notaris dengan tidak dapat mengajukan ganti kerugian kepadanya. Masing-masing Hakim Mahkamah Agung dalam memberikan putusannya mengikuti putusan Hakim yang terdahulu dimana pada pertimbangannya masing-masing Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi dianggap tidak bertetangan dengan hukum dan/atau Undang-Undang.
     
    The transfer of right that uses a deed of sales and purchase agreement may sometimes be cancelled, either requested by all parties concerned or by a lawsuit against another party to a Public Court so that the contents of the deed will be void. Among some verdicts of the Supreme Court that have been analyzed, a deed of sale and purchase agreement is cancelled due to default with various reasons and due to illegal actions. The objective of a deed of sale and purchase agreement is to be an agreement to initiate the process of rights transfer that provides legal protection and certainty for all parties involved. The research problems are: 1. whether cancellation of a deed of sale and purchase agreement by the Supreme Court is in line with requirements for deed cancellation pursuant to the laws and regulations prevailing in the Verdict of the Supreme Court No.250 K/Pdt/2014, the Verdict of the Supreme Court No. 1650 K/Pdt/2015, the Verdict of the Supreme Court No. 2114 K/Pdt/2016, and the Verdict of the Supreme Court No.98 K/Pdt/2016; 2. How about the legal protection for all parties who are injured because their deeds of sale and purchase agreement are cancelled in the Verdict of the Supreme Court No.250 K/Pdt/2014, the Verdict of the Supreme Court No. 1650 K/Pdt/2015, the Verdict of the Supreme Court No. 2114 K/Pdt/2016, and the Verdict of the Supreme Court No.98 K/Pdt/2016; and 3. What is the basic legal consideration of the judges in the Supreme Court concerning the cancellation of the deeds of sale and purchase agreement in the Verdict of the Supreme Court No.250 K/Pdt/2014, the Verdict of the Supreme Court No. 1650 K/Pdt/2015, the Verdict of the Supreme Court No. 2114 K/Pdt/2016, and the Verdict of the Supreme Court No.98 K/Pdt/2016. This is a normative juridical research with descriptive analysis. The data collection techniques used are library research and field research, by means of document study and guided interview. The data collected are analyzed qualitatively and the conclusion is drawn deductively. The research results demonstrate that the cancellation of deeds of sale and purchase agreement are in line with the requirements for deed cancellation pursuant to the prevailing laws and regulations which refer to Article 1265, Article 1266, Article 1267, Article 1320, and Article 1238 of the Civil Code. The legal protection for all parties who are injured by the deeds that are cancelled before the law, is that the deeds become void. The consequence is that any down payment is deleted although the agreement in the Verdict of the Supreme Court No. 1650 K/Pdt/2015 does not have any clause on requirements for cancellation of the agreement. A deed of sale and purchase agreement is said to violate objective requirements because it is made when there is overlap. The legal protection for the Notary is that he cannot be charged for any compensation. Each judge of the Supreme Court follow preceding judges’ verdicts who consider each of High Court Ruling is considered to agree with the prevailing laws and regulations.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/28417
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
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