Perubahan Harmoni Wajah Pasca Perawatan Kelas II Menurut Analisis Arnett dan Bergman

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Perawatan maloklusi kelas II skeletal dengan prognati maksila dilakukan pencabutan dua premolar satu maksila untuk memperbaiki profil wajah pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perubahan nilai harmoni wajah pasca perawatan maloklusi kelas II dengan pencabutan premolar satu atas menurut Analisa Arnett dan Bergman. Bahan dan Cara: Sampel penelitian ini 72 foto sefalometri lateral maloklusi Kelas II skeletal sebelum dan setelah perawatan. Penilaian harmoni jaringan lunak dibagi menjadi 4, yaitu harmoni intramandibular, harmoni antar rahang, orbita ke rahang dan keseimbangan wajah. Nilai harmoni wajah yang diukur meliputi nilai harmoni intramandibular (Md1-Pog’, LLA–Pog’, B’–Pog’, NTP–Pog’). Nilai harmoni antar rahang (Sn’–Pog’, A’–B’, ULA–LLA). Nilai orbita ke rahang (Or’–A’, Or’–Pog’). Nilai keseimbangan wajah (sudut wajah (G’–Sn–Pog’), G’-A’, G’-Pog’). Perubahan nilai harmoni wajah pasca perawatan dilakukan dengan uji normalitas dan Wilcoxon karena data tidak terdistribusi normal. Untuk mengetahui hubungan besar retraksi dengan nilai harmoni wajah dilakukan uji Spearman. Hasil: Terdapat perubahan harmoni intramandibular dan keseimbangan wajah pada maloklusi Kelas II skeletal dengan pencabutan premolar satu atas sebelum dan setelah perawatan (p=0.025;p=0.032). Tidak terdapat perubahan nilai harmoni antar rahang dan orbita ke rahang pada maloklusi Kelas II skeletal dengan pencabutan premolar satu atas sebelum dan setelah perawatan. Ada pengaruh besar retraksi gigi insisivus terhadap nilai harmoni wajah sebelum dan setelah perawatan pada perawatan Kelas II dengan pencabutan dua premolar atas (p= 0.0001). Kesimpulan: Perawatan maloklusi Kelas II skeletal dengan pencabutan premolar satu atas memiliki hubungan antara besar retraksi dengan nilai harmoni wajah berdasarkan analisa Arnett dan Bergmann.

Background: The aim of this research is to evaluate the changes in facial harmony ratings based on Arnett and Bergman Analysis after class 2 skeletal malocclusion orthodontic treatment by usingmaxillary premolar 1 extraction. Materials and Methods: The total number ofsamples in this research is72 lateral cephalometric x-ray that is before and after the treatment ofskeletal class 2 malocclusion. Evaluation of soft tissue harmony is divided into 4 categories which are intra-mandible harmony (Md1-Pog’, LLA-Pog’, B’-Pog’, NTP-Pog’), inter-maxillary harmony (Sn’-Pog, A’-B’, ULA-LLA), orbital to thejaw (Or’- A’, Or’- Pog’) and facial balance (facial angle (G’-Sn-Pog’), G’-A’, G’-Pog’). In order to know the changes of facial harmony after class 2 skeletal malocclusion orthodontic treatment based on Arnett and Bergman Analysis, the data are statistically analysed using Wilcoxon rank test because the data are not normally distributed. The correlation betweentotal retractionand facial harmony ratings are statistically analysed using Spearman test.Results: There isa significant difference between intra-mandible harmony and facial balance in before and after class 2 skeletal malocclusion treatment by extraction maxillary premolar 1 based on Arnett and Bergman Analysis (p=0.025;p=0.032). There is no significant difference between inter-maxillary harmony and orbital to the jawin before and after class 2 skeletal malocclusion treatment by extraction maxillary premolar 1 based on Arnett and Bergman Analysis. The result shows that there is a significant effect on incisors retraction towards facial harmony before and after treatment with 2 maxillary premolar extraction based on Arnett and Bergman (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Class 2 skeletal malocclusion samples with maxillary premolar extractions show there is a correlation between total retractions and facial harmony ratings, hence, orthodontists have to be more vigilant during planning the orthodontic treatment that includes maxillary incisors extraction.