Perbandingan Manfaat Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight)Walp) Dosis 400 mg dan 600 mg Terhadap Lipoprotein (a) pada Pasien Dislipidemia

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Dislipidemia merupakan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Sementara hiper Lipoprotein(a) merupakan faktor risiko utama dan independen untuk penyakit kardiovaskular dan stenosis katup aorta. Obat anti-dislipidemia sintetis seperti statin, niacin, mipomersen, dan inhibitor PCSK921 tidak dapat membuktikan dengan jelas dapat menurunkan kadar Lp(a). Ekstrak daun salam dilaporkan berkhasiat menurunkan kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida, serta diharapkan dapat menurunkan Lipoprotein(a). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan manfaat pemberian ekstrak daun salam dengan dosis 400 mg dan 600 mg terhadap kadar Lipoprotein(a) pada pasien dislipidemia. Metode: Penelitian uji klinis dengan desain prospektif. Kelompok I (n = 15) terapi dengan dosis 400mg dan kelompok II (n = 15) 600mg yang dipilih secara acak tersamar ganda. Sebelum dan setelah diterapi 30 hari dilakukan pemeriksaan profil lipid dan Lp(a) darah. Data dianalisis dengan uji statistic T-dependen menggunakan SPSS. Perbedaan signifikan bila p < 0,05. Hasil: Kadar Lipoprotein(a) sebelum pemberian obat dibandingkan dengan setelah pengobatan. Pemeriksaan dijumpai penurunan pada kelompok I ((25,52 + 31,36 vs 22,66 + 31,12) ng/dL; nilai p = 0,001) dan kelompok II ((27,81 + 33,79 vs 25,65+ 33,23) ng/dL; nilai p = 0,013), secara statistik signifikan baik pada kelompok I maupun kelompok II. Penurunan kadar Lipoprotein(a) pada kelompok I lebih besar daripada kelompok II, dan secara statistik signifikan ((2,86 vs 2,17) mg/dL; nilai p = 0,005). Kesimpulan: Pemberian ekstrak daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) 2x200 mg selama 30 hari menurunkan kadar Lipoprotein(a) lebih besar daripada 2x300mg, dan secara statistik signifikan.

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While Hyper Lipoprotein(a) is the main and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and aortic valve calcification stenosis. Synthetic anti-dyslipidemia drugs such as statin, niacin, mipomersen, and PCSK921 inhibitors had no clear evidence to reduce Lp(a) levels. Bay leaf extract was reported to have efficacy in lowering cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and was expected to reduce Lipoprotein(a). This study was aimed to compare the effects of giving bay leaf extract at a dose of 400 mg and 600 mg to Lp(a) levels in dyslipidemia patients. Method: This study was prospective design using clinical trial study. Study group I (n = 15) and control group II (n = 15) were chosen with double blinded random sampling. Data were obtained lipid profile and Lp(a) from blood sample which was taken before and after 30 days therapy. Data was analysed with T-dependent statistical tests using SPSS and p < 0,05 were considered significant. Result: Lp(a) before therapy compared to after examination decreased in group I (25.52 + 31.36 vs 22.66 + 31.12) ng / dL; p = 0.001) and group II (27.81 + 33.79 vs 25.65+ 33.23) ng / dL; p value = 0.013), statistically significant in both group I and group II. The decrease in Lipoprotein(a) levels in group I was greater than in group II, and was statistically significant (2.86 vs 2.17) mg / dL; p = 0.005). Conclusion: The used of bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) extract 2x200mg for 30 days reduced the levels of Lp(a) greater than 2x300mg, and statistically significant.