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    Pengaruh Konsentrasi Koh, Waktu Ekstraksi, dan Waktu Aging dalam Sintesis Silika Gel dari Fly Ash Batu Bara

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    Date
    2020
    Author
    Sihotang, Joshua Edgar Theodorus
    Advisor(s)
    Fatimah
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    Abstract
    Penelitian ini mempelajari tentang pembuatan silika gel dari abu terbang (fly ash). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi KOH, waktu ekstraksi dan waktu aging terhadap sintesis silika gel. Bahan baku utama berupa fly ash yang diperoleh dari PT SOCI MAS Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode leaching. Penelitian diawali dengan melakukan preparasi fly ash yaitu mencuci fly ash dengan CH3COOH 2 N untuk menghilangkan zat pengotor kemudian fly ash dikeringkan. Fly ash selanjutnya diekstraksi dengan KOH dengan variasi konsentrasi 3; 3,5; 4,5; dan 5 N pada suhu 130°C selama 140 dan 160 menit. Proses pembentukan gel dilakukan dengan penambahan CH3COOH 2 N ke dalam larutan kalium silikat dan kemudian dilakukan tahap aging dengan variasi waktu aging selama 14, 15, dan 16 jam. Karakterisasi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), dan uji daya jerap uap air. Yield silika gel tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi KOH 5 N dengan waktu ekstraksi selama 160 menit dan waktu aging 16 jam sebesar 29,98%. Daya jerap uap air tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi KOH 4,5 N dengan waktu ekstraksi selama 140 menit dan waktu aging 15 jam sebesar 891,30 mg/g. Hasil karakterisasi FTIR pada fly ash dan silika gel yang diperoleh mengandung gugus fungsi hidroksil (-OH), silanol (Si-OH), siloksan (Si-O-Si), dan Si-O. Hasil karakterisasi SEM-EDX pada fly ash diperoleh kandungan silika sebesar 41,79% dan partikel berbentuk magnetit, hematit, quartz, dan karbon dan pada silika gel yang diperoleh sebesar 41,55% dimana kristal berbentuk quartz dan amorf. Hasil karakterisasi XRD pada silika gel menunjukkan bahwa kristanilitas yang dimiliki sebesar 7,69% dan karena fasa yang dominan berupa fasa amorf maka disimpulkan ukuran kristal yang terbentuk sangatlah kecil sehingga tidak dapat ditentukan.
     
    The research about silica gel production from fly ash has been carried out in this study. The main raw material, fly ash was obtained from PT SOCI MAS, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The aims of this study were to determine the best potassium hydroxide (KOH) concentration, extraction time and aging time in silica gel production from fly ash and get the best result. The method used in this study is leaching. The method used in this study is leaching. The research was begun by preparing fly ash by washing fly ash with CH3COOH 2 N to remove impurities then the fly ash was dried. After that, fly ash is extracted by KOH with a concentration variation of 3; 3.5; 4.5; and 5 N at 130 °C for 140 minutes and 160 minutes. The process of gel formation was carried out by adding CH3COOH 2 N to the potassium silicate solution and then carried out the aging stage with a variation of aging time for 14, 15, and 16 hours. Characterization carried out in this research is Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and the water vapor adsorption test. The highest silica gel yield was obtained 29.98% at 5 N of solvent concentration with 160 minutes of extraction time and 15 hour of aging time. The highest water vapor adsorption was obtained 891.30 mg/g at 4.5 N of solvent concentration with 140 minutes of extraction time and 15 hour of aging time. The results of FTIR characterization on fly ash and silica gel, both contained hydroxyl (-OH), silanol (Si-OH), siloxane (Si-O-Si), and Si-O functional groups. The results of SEM-EDX characterization on the fly ash is obtained 41.79% of SiO2 content with magnetite, hematite, quartz, and carbon particle shapes and 41.55% of SiO2 content is obtained on silica gel with crystalline phase are quartz and amorphous. The XRD characterization results in silica gel showed that the crystallinity of silica gel is 7.69% and because the dominant phase are the amorphous phase that can be concluded the crystal size are very tiny so can’t be classified.

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    http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/29503
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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV