Efektivitas Penggunaan Metformin Terhadap Ekspresi sFlt-1 dan sEng Pada Tikus Coba Preeklampsia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The most studied parameters of blood vessel disorders in preeclampsia are soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) and soluble endoglin (sEng) and their relationship to complications of preeclampsia. Currently, metformin has been shown to increase angiogenesis which is damaged by antiangiogenic factors such as preeclampsia. METHOD: This study was an experimental design with Post-Only Control Group Design on 33 rats (Rattus norvegicus) 10 weeks pregnant which were divided into negative control, positive control, and treatment groups. In the negative control group did not receive any treatment, the positive control group received LPS injection at a dose of 0.5 μg / kgBW to become preeclampsia, the treatment group received LPS injection at a dose of 0.5 μg / kgBW and metformin 20 mg / kgBW after preeclampsia was confirmed. Subsequently, the rat placenta that had been surgically, tissue was fixed and sent to the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of the USU Faculty of Medicine for immunohistochemical examination of sFlt-1 and sEng expressions. RESULTS: There were no difference in systolic, diastolic, MAP, and proteinuria in the three groups before the intervention. The systolic, diastolic, MAP, and proteinuria after intervention in the positive control group was higher than the other two groups. There were significant differences in sFlt-1 and sEng expressions in the three groups (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: There were differences in mean systolic, diastolic, MAP and proteinuria in the three groups before and after the intervention. There were significant differences in sflt-1 and sEng expressions in the three groups (p <0.05).

LATAR BELAKANG: Parameter gangguan pembuluh darah pada preeklamsia yang saat ini paling banyak diteliti yaitu soluble fms-like tyrosin kinase 1 (sFlt-1) dan soluble endoglin (sEng) serta hubunganya dengan komplikasi preeklampsia. Saat ini, metformin telah terbukti meningkatkan angiogenesis yang dirusak oleh faktor antiangiogenik seperti pada preeklampsia. METODE: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain eksperimental Postest Only Control Group Design pada 33 ekor tikus (Rattus norvegicus) betina hamil usia 10 minggu yang dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, dan perlakuan. Pada kelompok kontrol negatif tidak mendapat perlakuan apa-apa, kelompok kontrol positif mendapat injeksi LPS dengan dosis 0.5 μg/kgBB agar menjadi preeklampsia, kelompok perlakuan mendapat injeksi LPS dengan dosis 0.5 μg/kgBB dan metformin 20 mg/kgBB setelah terkonfirmasi preeklampsia. Selanjutnya, plasenta tikus yang sudah dibedah, difiksasi dan dikirim ke laboratorium Patologi Anatomi FK USU untuk pemeriksaan immunohistokimia ekpresi sFlt-1 dan sEng. HASIL PENELITIAN: Tidak ada perbedaan tekanan darah sistolik, diastolik, MAP dan proteinuria pada ketiga kelompok sebelum intervensi. Tekanan darah sistolik, diastolik, MAP, dan proteinuria setelah intervensi pada kelompok kontrol positif lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua kelompok lainnya. Dijumpai perbedaan ekspresi sFlt-1 dan sEng yang bermakna pada ketiga kelompok (p<0.05). KESIMPULAN: Terdapat perbedaan rerata tekanan darah sistolik, diastolik, MAP dan proteinuria pada ketiga kelompok sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Dijumpai perbedaan ekspresi sflt-1 dan sEng yang bermakna pada ketiga kelompok (p<0.05).