Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Bungkil Inti Sawit sebagai Pakan Ayam Kampung (Sensi Agrinak) dengan Metoda Fermentasi

Abstract

SRI HARYANI SITINDAON, 2020. “Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Bungkil Inti Sawit sebagai Pakan Ayam Kampung (Sensi Agrinak) dengan Metoda Fermentasi”. dibimbing oleh NEVY DIANA HANAFI dan SIMON P GINTING. Penelitian terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu: fermentasi BIS, uji biologis dan pengujian performa. Tahap I: fermentasi BIS. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui pengaruh fementasi terhadap kandungan nutrisi BIS. Penelitian menggunakan uji kontras ortogonal, perlakuan terdiri dari: P0 = kontrol, P1 = dosis Aspergillus niger 4 g/kg;waktu fermentasi 3 hari, P2 = dosis Aspergillus niger 4 g/kg;waktu fermentasi 6 hari, P3 = dosis Aspergillus niger 4 g/kg dan waktu fermentasi 9 hari, P4 = dosis Aspergillus niger 8 g/kg;waktu fermentasi 3 hari, P5 = dosis Aspergillus niger 8 g/kg;waktu fermentasi 6 hari, P6 = dosis Aspergillus niger 8 g/kg;waktu fermentasi 9 hari, P7 = dosis Aspergillus niger 12 g/kg;waktu fermentasi 3 hari, P8 = dosis inokulum Aspergillus niger 12 g/kg;waktu fermentasi 6 hari, P9 = dosis Aspergillus niger 12 g/kg;waktu fermentasi 9 hari. BIS perlakuan dianalisis komposisi: bahan kering, Abu, Protein Kasar, Lemak Kasar, Serat Kasar, Gross Energi, NDF dan ADF. Data hasil analisis dianalisa sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BIS fermentasi terjadinya peningkatan kualitas nutrisi (peningkatan kadar abu 13,07%, protein kasar 16,04%, gross energi 12,03% dan penurunan serat kasar 16,90%, lemak kasar 51,55%, ADF 7,61%). Tahap II: Pengujian Biologis BIS. Merupakan lanjutan tahap I untuk mengetahui kecernaan BIS perlakuan. Ternak ayam ditempatkan dalam kandang individu untuk dilakukan force feeding dengan cara penampungan ekskreta untuk dianalisa kadar abu, nitrogen, protein kasar dan energi metabolisme. Hasil analisis digunakan untuk perhitungan kecernaan protein, retensi nitrogen dan energi metabolisme. Hasil uji biologis menunjukkan BIS fermentasi terjadinya peningkatan nilai kecernaan (kecernaan PK 12,97%, RN 16,12%, EMS 16,96%, EMM 11,38%, EMSn 13,87% dan konversi EMSn/EB 9,43%). BIS fermentasi terbaik P2 (terjadi peningkatan kecernaan EMSn 11,65%, konversi EMSn/EB 9,23%), maka perlakuan P2 dilanjutkan untuk pengujian performa. Tahap III: Pengujian Performa. Bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian BIS/BISF dan kombinasinya terhadap performa (konsumsi, PBBH dan konversi ransum). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kandang Peternakan, FP-USU, Medan mulai bulan Agustus-November 2020. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 (kontrol), P1 (BIS 40%), P2 (BIS 30% + BISF 10%), P3 (BIS 20% + BISF 20%), P4 (BIS 10% + BISF 30%), P5 (BISF 40%). Parameter yang diamati konsumsi ransum, PBBH, konversi ransum dan IOFC. Performa Ayam Sensi Agrinak terbaik adalah perlakuan P4 (BIS 10% + BISF 30%) dengan konsumsi pakan rata-rata 37,36 gr BK/ekor/hari dan PBBH rata-rata 11,45 gr/ekor/hari) tetapi perlakuan P1 (BIS 40%) lebih efisien karena mampu menekan biaya pakan sebesar 13,08%.

SRI HARYANI SITINDAON, 2020. "Utilization Optimization of Palm Kernel Meal for the feed Native Chicken (Sensi Agrinak) with the Fermentation Method" supervised by NEVY DIANA HANAFI and SIMON P GINTING. This research consisted of three stages, namely: the fermentation stage, biological testing and trial feeding. Stage I: Palm kernel meal fermentation (PKM) aims to determine the effect of fementation on the nutritional content of PKM. The study used an orthogonal contrast test, the treatment consisted of: P0 = control, P1 = Aspergillus niger dose 4 g / kg; fermentation time 3 days, P2 = Aspergillus niger dose 4 g / kg; fermentation time 6 days, P3 = Aspergillus niger dose 4 g / kg; fermentation time 9 days, P4 = Aspergillus niger dose 8 g / kg; fermentation time 3 days, P5 = Aspergillus niger dose 8 g / kg; fermentation time 6 days, P6 = Aspergillus niger dose 8 g / kg; time fermentation 9 days, P7 = Aspergillus niger dose 12 g / kg; fermentation time 3 days, P8 = Aspergillus niger dose 12 g / kg; fermentation time 6 days, P9 = Aspergillus niger dose 12 g / kg; fermentation time 9 days. PKM treatment analyzed chemical composition (dry matter, ash, Crude Protein, Crude Fat, Crude Fiber, Gross Energy, NDF and ADF), then the data were analyzed for variance. The results showed that fermented PKM had an increase in nutritional quality (increased ash content 13.07%, crude protein 16.04%, gross energy 12.03% and decreased crude fiber 16.90%, crude fat 51.55%, ADF. 7.61%). Stage II: Biological test. It was a continuation of stage I to determine the digestibility of treated PKM. Rooster are placed in individual cages for force feeding by means of excreta storage to analyze the levels of ash, nitrogen, crude protein and metabolic energy. The results of the analysis were used for the calculation of protein digestibility, nitrogen retention and metabolic energy. The results of biological tests showed that PKM fermentation increased digestibility, namely: crude protein digestibility 12.97%, nitrogen retention 16.12%, pseudo metabolic energy 16.96%, true metabolic energy 11.38%, pseudo metabolic energy nitrogen corrected 13, 87% and nitrogen-corrected pseudo metabolic energy conversion with a gross energy of 9.43%. The best PKM fermentation is P2, which is an increase in the digestibility value of pseudo metabolic energy nitrogen corrected by 11.65% and nitrogen corrected pseudo metabolic energy conversion with gross energy of 9.23%, so the treatment for the feed test is P2. Stage III: Feed Test, aims to determine the effect of fermented PKM and its combination on chicken performance. The research was conducted at the Farm, FP-USU, Medan from August-November 2020. The treatments consisted of P0 (control), P1 (PKM 40%), P2 (PKM 30% + PKMF 10%), P3 (PKM 20% + PKMF 20%), P4 (PKM 10% + PKMF 30%), P5 (PKMF 40%). Parameters observed were ration consumption, ADG, ration conversion and IOFC. The results showed that the best performance of Sensi Agrinak Chickens was treatment P4 (PKM 10% + PKMF 30%) with an average feed consumption of 37.36 gr DM / head / day and ADG 11.45 gr / head / day) but treatment P1 ( PKM 40%) is more efficient because it can reduce feed costs by 13.08%.