Pengaruh Ekstrak Air Daun Pirdot (Saurauia vulcani Korth.) terhadap Kadar SOD, Hba1c, dan sRAGE pada Tikus Diabetes yang Diinduksi Nikotinamida- Streptozotosin

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus adalah sekelompok gangguan metabolisme lemak, karbohidrat, dan protein yang disebabkan kurangnya sekresi insulin, kurangnya sensitivitas insulin atau keduanya. Hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa diabetes yang sudah berlangsung lama dan kontrol glikemik yang buruk akan menurunkan kadar SOD serum, meningkatkan glikasi, dan meningkatan pembentukan AGEs. Berdasarkan data empiris rebusan daun pirdot dipercaya oleh masyarakat Simalungun, Toba dan Karo dalam menyembuhkan penyakit diabetes. Tujuan penelitian inin untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak air daun pirdot terhadap kadar SOD, HbA1c, dan sRAGE pada tikus diabetes yang diinduksi nikotinamida-streptozotosin. Serbuk simplisia daun pirdot diekstraksi dengan metode infundasi. Dilakukan karakterisasi dan skrining fitokimia serbuk simplisia. Uji efek antidiabetes, tikus yang telah diinduksi NA 110 mg/kg BB dan STZ 65 mg/kg BB secara i.p diberikan EADP setiap hari selama 28 hari. Selama pemberian EADP, diukur KGD pada hari 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, dan 28. Pada hari ke-28 diambil darah dari jantung untuk memperoleh serum yang digunakan untuk pengukuran kadar SOD, HbA1c, dan sRAGE. Hasil karakterisasi simplisia berturut-turut adalah kadar air (3,99%), kadar sari larut dalam air (12,15%), kadar simplisia sari larut dalam etanol (15,16%), kadar abu total (7,07%) dan kadar abu tidak larut asam (0,48%). EADP mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tanin, glikosida, dan saponin. EADP dapat menurunkan KGD tikus diabetes. EADP 0,5 mL dan 1 mL menunjukkan efek yang tidak berbeda secara signifikan antara keduanya dan terhadap kontrol positif (p)>0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa EADP 0,5 mL dan 1 mL memiliki efek penurunan KGD yang sama. EADP 0,25 mL; 0,5 mL; dan 1 mL dapat meningkatkan kadar SOD dengan kadar SOD masing-masimg adalah 57,8349; 67,0189; 67,7377 pg/mL. EADP 0,25 mL; 0,5 mL; dan 1 mL dapat menurunkan kadar HbA1c dengan kadar HbA1c masing-masimg adalah 38,8748; 26,7622; 26,0861 ng/mL. EADP 0,25 mL; 0,5 mL; dan 1 mL dapat menurunkan kadar sRAGE dengan kadar sRAGE masing-masimg adalah 113,2034; 91,8224; 91,2404 pg/mL. Berdasarkan uraian dapat disimpulkan bahwa EADP dapat menurunkan KGD, kadar HbA1c, kadar sRAGE, dan meningkatkan kadar SOD.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of disorders of fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism caused by lack of insulin secretion, lack of insulin sensitivity or both. The results of previous studies indicate that diabetes that has lasted a long time and poor glycemic control will reduce serum SOD levels, increase glycation, and increase the formation of AGEs. Based on empirical data, pirdot leaf decoction is believed by the people of Simalungun, Toba and Karo to cure diabetes and heal wounds. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pirdot leaves water extract (PLWE) on SOD, HbA1c, and sRAGE levels in diabetic rats induced by nicotinamide-streptozotocin. Pirdot leaf simplicia powder was extracted by infundation method. Characterization and simplicia powder phytochemical screening were carried out. Antidiabetic effects test, rats that have been induced NA 110 mg / kg BB and STZ 65 mg / kg BW i.p are given PLWE every day for 28 days. During PLWE administration, BGL was measured on days 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and 28. On the 28th day blood from the heart was taken to obtain the serum used for measuring levels of SOD, HbA1c, and sRAGE. The results of simplicia characterization were water content (3.99%), juice water soluble extract content (12.15%), soluble levels of simplicia extract in ethanol (15.16%), total ash content (7.07%) and acid insoluble ash content (0.48%). PLWE contains flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, and saponins. PLWE can reduce BCL in diabetic rats. PLWE 0.5 mL and 1 mL showed an effect not significantly different between each other and the positive control (p)>0.05. This shows that PLWE 0.5 mL and 1 mL have the same BGL reduction effect. PLWE 0.25 mL; 0.5 mL; and 1 mL can increase SOD levels with each SOD level of 57.8349; 67.0189; 67.7377 pg/mL. PLWE 0.25 mL; 0.5 mL; and 1 mL can reduce HbA1c levels with HbA1c levels of 38.8748; 26.7622; 26.0861 ng/mL. PLWE 0.25 mL; 0.5 mL; and 1 mL can reduce the level of sRAGE with sRAGE levels respectively is 113.2034; 91,8224; 91.2404 pg/mL. Based on the description it can be concluded that EADP can reduce KGD, HbA1c levels, sRAGE levels, and increase SOD levels.