Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Konstipasi Fungsional pada Anak

Abstract

Abstract Background. Constipation defines as difficulty of defecation with hard stool and the frequency of defecation more than once in three days. The prevalence of constipation is 22.6% at the age 4-17 years old and the high rate is the functional constipation, almost 90% - 97%. The risk factors of constipation are sex, fibre intake, fluid intake, toilet usage, and body mass index. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between body mass index and functional constipation. Methods. A cross-sectional study from June until July 2010 was carried out in Pesantren Musthafawiyah in Panyabungan, Mandailing Natal regency, North Sumatera province. The students were given questionnaires by interviewing one by one. They were measured the body weight and height to determine the body mass index, and then were assessed the nutritional status by z score. The functional constipation was assessed with Rome III criteria. Chi-squarred test were used to find correlation between body mass index and functional constipation. Results. Thirty two students were enrolled in constipation group, and 50 students were enrolled in non constipation group. We found 11% male and 28% female in constipation group. There were significant relationship between sex and prevalence of functional constipation (P=0.0001). We had 11% children with normoweight and 28% with overweight in constipation group. At non constipation group, we had 45% children with normoweight and 13% overweight, and 4.1% underweight. There were significant relationship between overweight and functional constipation (P=0.0001). Conclusions. Our study showed a significant correlation between body mass index and functional constipation. We also found functional constipation present more frequent in girls than boys. Key words : functional constipation, sex, body mass index