Karakteristik dan Pengelolaan Tanah Sawah yang Tekena Bencana Tsunami Stelah 2,5 Tahun

Abstract

This study is aimed at finding out the characteristict of Paddy Soil hit by Tsunami and the technique of its management. The samples of Paddy Soil was taken in the Village of Tanjung Seulamat, Syiah Kuala Subdistrict Aceh Besar District. The ANOVA statistics method with Group Random Non is Factorial Design repead 4 times as employed in this study. Four variables of characteristics where studied such as Paddy Soil which was not hit by Tsunami (X0), the land within the distance of 500 meters from the border of the area hit by Tsunami (X1), the land within the distance of 1000 meters from the border of the area hit by Tsunami (X2), the land within the distance of 1500 meters from the border of the area hit by Tsunami (X3). The data obtained through ANOVA was further tested by mean of Duncan Distant Test. The parameter observed were electric conductivity, pH H2O, total N, available P, K, Na, Ca, exchange Mg, KTK, base saturation as well as fagatation found around the area of sample collection. The result showed that Paddy Soil hit by Tsunami admit of to be cultivated and Tsunami do not functions to destroy farm. The distance from the area hit by the Tsunami has a significant influence on pH of thw soil, in the two layers observed on the soil in the depth of 0-20 cm. The distance mentioned above has a significant influence on the soil nitrogen in the depth of 0-20 cm but in the depth of 20-40 cm but the distance does not have a significant influence on the soil conductivity and soil nitrogen. The distance from the area hit by Tsunami does not have a sicnificant influent on soil available P, kalium, natrium, calsium, exchangeable magnesium, soil KTK and base saturation after 2.5 years.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik tanah sawah yang terkena tsunami dan teknik pengelolaannya. Sampel tanah sawah diambil di Desa Tanjung Seulamat, Kecamatan Darusasalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode Statistik yang digunakan adalah Metode Statistik Sidik Ragam menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non Faktorial dengan empat ulangan. Ada empat perlakuan yang diteliti yaitu tanah sawah yang tidak terkena tsunami (T0), tanah yang terkena Tsunami pada jarak 500 M (X1), tanah yang terkena Tsunami pada jarak 1000 M (X2) dan tanah yang terkena Tsunami pada jarak 1500 M (X3) dari batas daerah yang terkena tsunami. Data yang diperoleh dari Sidik Ragam diuji lanjut dengan menggunakan Uji Jarak Duncan. Parameter yang diamati berupa Daya Hantar Listrik (DHL), pH H20, N-total, P-tersedia, K,Na,Ca,Mg Tukar, KTK, Kejenuhan Basa, serta Vegetasi disekitar tanah yang terkena Tsunami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanah sawah yang terkena Tsunami masih dapat ditanami dengan tanaman padi dan Tsunami di lahan persawahan tidak berpotensi merusak lahan. Tsunami memberikan pengaruh terhadap pH tanah, DHL, dan nitrogen tanah, tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap parameter P-tersedia tanah, kalium, natrium, kalsium, magnesium dapat ditukar, KTK tanah dan kejenuhan basa tanah setelah 2,5 tahun.