Kadar Homosistein dengan Keparahan Preeklampsia di Rsup.H.Adam Malik dan Rs Jejaring Fk Usu Medan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: From the three classical causes of maternal mortality rate (MMR), now hypertension in pregnancy as well as non-obstetrical causes have exceeded the infection and bleeding. Approximately 70% of women diagnosed with hypertension in pregnancy is preeclampsia. Hypothesis of endothelial dysfunction and proliferation of smooth muscle plays a central role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, which causes vascular disruption, losses of vascular integrity due to fibrosis and activation of thrombogenesis. Hyperhomocysteinemia is thought to be the cause of damage to the vascular endothelium and increased oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of homocysteine in relation to different severity of preeclampsia METHODS: This study was a descriptive study. The study was conducted at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Adam Malik General Hospital and Networking Hospital of Faculty of Medicine at University of Sumatra Utara Medan. The study was conducted from June 2014 until September 2014. The population was pregnant women with variable severity of preeclampsia. In this study, the data were analyzed descriptively then used ANOVA test with a confidence level of 95%. Sampling was performed as consecutive sampling of pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Characteristics data based on maternal age, gravida, and gestational age. In this research, based on the age of the mother, most of mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia and eclampsia was 20-35 years old while the HELLP syndrome was > 35 years old. Based on gravida, majority of cases encountered by multigravida. Based on gestational age, the majority of cases at 34-36 weeks of gestation. In this study, the mean homocysteine levels found in mild preeclampsia was 5.03 ± 0.85 mol / L, severe preeclampsia 2:49 ± 8.19 mol / L, eclampsia 12.10 ± 4:19 mol / L, and HELLP syndrome 17.60 ± 8:25 mol / L. CONCLUSION: It was found in this study that the mean homocysteine levels increased in all preeclampsia severity

LATAR BELAKANG : Dari tiga kausa klasik angka kematian ibu (AKI) maka saat ini hipertensi dalam kehamilan serta kausa non obstetrik telah melampui penyebab infeksi dan perdarahan. Kurang lebih 70% wanita yang didiagnosis hipertensi dalam kehamilan merupakan preeklampsia. Hipotesis disfungsi endotel dan proliferasi otot polos memainkan peran sentral pada pathogenesis preeklampsia, yang menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan vaskuler, hilangnya integritas vaskuler karena fibrosis dan aktivasi trombogenesis. Hiperhomosisteinemia diduga menjadi penyebab kerusakan pada endotel vaskular dan peningkatan stress oksidatif.

TUJUAN : Untuk mengetahui kadar homosistein dengan berbagai keparahan preeklampsia.

METODE : Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan di bagian Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSUP H.Adam Malik dan RS Jejaring FK USU di Medan. Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Juni tahun 2014 sampai September 2014. Populasi wanita hamil dengan berbagai keparahan preeklampsia. Pada penelitian ini data di analisa secara deskriptif kemudian dilakukan uji Anova dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling terhadap ibu yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi.

HASIL : Data karakteristik berdasarkan usia ibu, gravida, dan umur kehamilan, Pada penelitian ini berdasarkan usia ibu sebagian besar preeklampsia ringan, preeklampsia berat dan eklampsia berusia 20-35 tahun sedangkan Sindroma HELLP berusia >35 tahun. Berdasarkan gravida sebagian besar kasus dijumpai dengan multigravida. Berdasarkan umur kehamilan sebagian besar kasus pada umur kehamilan 34-36 minggu. Pada penelitian ini didapati rerata kadar homosistein pada preeklampsia berat 5,03 ± 0.85 μmol/L, preeklampsia berat 8,19 ± 2.49 μmol/L, eklampsia 12,10 ± 4.19 μmol/L, dan sindroma HELLP 17,60 ± 8.25 μmol/L.

KESIMPULAN : Pada penelitian ini dijumpai rerata kadar homosistein semakin meningkat pada semua keparahan preeklampsia