Perbandingan Efektifitas Dexamethason 0,2 MG/KGBB IV dengan Lidokain 1,5 MG/KGBB IV untuk Mencegah Nyeri Tenggorokan setelah Intubasi Endotrakeal pada Anestesi Umum

Abstract

Background, Sorethroat is a common complication in patients with general anesthesia using endotracheal intubation is difficult to control despite surgical pain well controlled with systemic analgesia. Sorethroat after surgery is a painful inflammation that causes discomfort, pain, or itching in the throat and can cause pain swallowing. Factors that triggered the sore throat after surgery include trauma laringoscopy, cuff pressure and irritation by the endotracheal tube. The purpose of this study was to obtain more effective drugs to prevent sore throat after endotracheal intubation in general anesthesia. Method, The study is randomized, double‐blind clinical trials,. After receiving approval from the ethics committee FK USU Medan, collected as many as 72 samples of the study, men and women, aged 16‐65 years, ASA physical status 1‐2 who underwent elective surgery with general anesthesia endotracheal intubation. The samples were divided into two randomized groups of 35 subjects each for group A and 37 subjects for group B. Group A uses Dexamethason 0.2 mg / kg IV and group B using Lidocaine 1.5 mg / kg IV. Then monitored the incidence and severity of sore throats in the first hour, hour of the 6th and 12th hours after surgery. Data from the study were tested by t‐test, and Chi‐square test, correlation test was tested with Spearman's correlation. Results, The incidence of sore throats in the first hour in group A, sorethroat no pain swallowing 11.4%, sorethroat with pain swallowing 5.7%. Group B, sorethroat no pain swallowing 18.9%, sorethroat with pain swallowing 5.4%. With Chi‐Square analysis of the results obtained p = 0338, mean there is no significant difference in the incidence and severity of sore throat between the two groups. The incidence of sore throat in the 6th hour in group A, sorethroat no pain swallowing 2.9%, sorethroat with pain swallowing 11.4%. Group B, sorethroat no pain swallowing 18.9% sorethroat with pain swallowing 8.4%. With Chi‐Square analysis of the results obtained p = 0047, mean there are significant differences in the incidence and severity of sore throat between the two groups. The incidence of sore throat at the 12nd hour in group A, sorethroat no pain swallowing 8.6%, sorethroat with pain swallowing 11.4%. Group B, sorethroat no pain swallowing 18.9% sorethroat with pain swallowing 5.4%. With Chi‐Square analysis of the results obtained p = 0166, mean there is no significant difference in the incidence and severity of sore throat between the two groups. Generally, the incidence of sore throat in group A 31.4 %, in group B 35.1 % Conclusion, There was no difference in effectiveness between Dexamethason 0,2 mg/kg IV with Lidokain 1,5 mg/kg IV in term of preventing sore throat after endo tracheal intubation in general anesthesia