Perbedaan Karakteristik Klinis pada Anak Sakit Perut Berulang dengan dan Tanpa Riwayat Keluarga Sakit Perut Berulang

Abstract

Abstract Background. Reccurent abdominal pain (RAP) is a common digestive disorder in school age children. We want to know characteristic differences between RAP in children with and without family history of RAP. Objective. To determine characteristic differences (frequency and intensity) between RAP in children with and without family history of RAP. Methods. A cross sectional study have been conducted in July 2014 at Husni Thamrin school Medan. The Subjects were children aged 8 until 17 years old diagnosed RAP with or without family history of RAP based on Apley’s criteria. We assessed the frequency and intensity of pain. Results. Prevalence of RAP in Husni Thamrin school was 15%.There were 121 subjects with 61 RAP in children with family history of RAP and 60 children without family history RAP. The prevalence of RAP was 15% with the majority of sex was male. The most family members suffer RAP were brother/sister. Pain intensity in both groups were moderate pain intensity. The mean pain frequency in the group of children with a family history of RAP was 2.12 times per week, while in the other group was 1.58 times per week. We found significant differences in pain frequency between the two study groups (P=0.0001), but did not found significant differences in pain intensity between the two study groups (P=0.818). There were a significant correlation in frequency (P=0.0001, r=0.658) and intensity (P=0.017) of pain between RAP in children with and without family history of RAP. Conclusions. There were significant relationship between the frequency and intensity of pain in family members with frequency and intensity of pain in children with RAP.

Latar belakang. Sakit perut berulang (SPB) merupakan salah satu masalah umum gangguan pencernaan pada anak usia sekolah. Kami ingin mengetahui perbedaan karakteristik anak SPB dengan dan tanpa riwayat keluarga SPB. Tujuan. Menilai perbedaan karakteristik klinis yaitu frekuensi nyeri dan intensitas nyeri pada anak SPB dengan dan tanpa riwayat keluarga SPB. Metode. Studi sekat lintang yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2014 di sekolah Husni Thamrin Medan. Subjek adalah anak usia 8 sampai 17 tahun yang didiagnosa SPB dengan dan tanpa riwayat keluarga SPB berdasarkan kriteria Apley. Dilakukan penilaian terhadap frekuensi nyeri dan intensitas nyeri. Hasil. Prevalensi SPB di sekolah Husni Thamrin yaitu 15%. Dari 121 anak SPB didapatkan 61 anak dengan riwayat keluarga SPB dan 60 anak dengan riwayat keluarga tanpa SPB. Anggota keluarga yang paling banyak menderita SPB adalah adik/kakak. Intensitas nyeri terbanyak pada kedua kelompok adalah intensitas sedang. Rerata frekuensi nyeri pada kelompok anak SPB dengan riwayat keluarga SPB adalah 2.12 kali per minggu sedangkan di kelompok yang lain adalah 1.58 kali per minggu. Ditemukan perbedaan signifikan frekuensi nyeri antara dua kelompok studi (P=0.001), namun tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna intensitas nyeri pada dua kelompok studi (P=0.818). Terdapat hubungan bermakna frekuensi nyeri (P=0.001, r=0.658) dan intensitas nyeri (P=0.017) pada anak SPB dengan riwayat anggota keluarga SPB. Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara frekuensi nyeri dan intensitas nyeri pada anggota keluarga dengan frekuensi nyeri dan intensitas nyeri pada anak SPB