Hubungan antara Kesulitan Makan Dengan Gangguan Tidur pada Anak Bawah Lima Tahun

Abstract

Background Feeding difficulties and sleep disturbance are commonly found in healthy young children. Although there are similarities in the natural course, etiology, prevalence and age distribution, the association between the two is very rarely studied. Objective To determine association between feeding difficulties and sleep disturbance in children aged under 5 years and association between maternal education and feeding difficulties. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in April 2013 at 10 early education in Medan city. Participants were children aged under 5 years who had feeding difficulties based on The Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale (MCH-Feeding Scale) questionnaire. Matched age children without feeding difficulties were taken as control group. Both groups were interviewed using The Tayside Children's Sleep Questionnaire (TCSQ) to detect the presence of sleep disturbances. Association between variables were analized using chi-square test and fisher’s exact test. Results Of 140 children enrolled to the study, 70 children with feeding difficulties and 70 remains children without feeding difficulties. Sleep disturbance was found higher in the group with feeding difficulties (47.1% vs. 27.1%). The results of chi square analysis showed a significant association between feeding difficulties and sleep disturbance ( P=0.014). There was no association between feeding difficulties and maternal education (P> 0.05). Conclusion There was association between feeding difficulties and sleep disturbance in children aged under 5 years. There was no association between maternal education and feeding difficulties.

Latar BelakangKesulitan makan dan gangguan tidur merupakan hal yang umum dijumpai pada anak usia muda yang sehat. Meskipun terdapat kesamaan dalam etiologi, prevalensi dan distribusi usia, hubungan antara keduanya masih sangat jarangditeliti. TujuanUntuk mengetahui hubungan antara kesulitan makan dengan gangguan tidur pada anak bawah lima tahun (balita) dan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan ibu dengan kesulitan makan. MetodeStudi cross-sectional dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2013 di 10 sekolah Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini di Kota Medan. Sampel adalah anak balita yang mengalami kesulitan makan berdasarkan kuesioner The Montreal Children’s Hospital Feeding Scale (MCH-Feeding Scale). Anak balita yang tidak mengalami kesulitan makan diambil sebagai pembanding. Kedua kelompok diwawancarai dengan menggunakan kuesioner The Tayside children’s sleep questionnaire (TCSQ) untuk mendeteksi adanya gangguan tidur pada anak. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji chi-squaredan fisher’s exact test. Hasil 140 anak disertakan dalam penelitian ini, 70 anak dengan kesulitan makan dan 70 anak tanpa kesulitan makan. Gangguan tidur lebih banyak dijumpai pada kelompok kesulitan makan (47.1% vs 27.1%). Hasil analisa chi-square menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara kesulitan makan dengan gangguan tidur pada anak balita (P= 0.014). Tidak dijumpai hubungan antara kesulitan makan dengan tingkat pendidikan ibu (P> 0.05). KesimpulanTerdapat hubungan antara kesulitan makan dengan gangguan tidur pada anak balita. Tidak dijumpai hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan ibu dengan kesulitan makan pada anak balita.