Analysis of Translation Techniques and Shifts of Batak Toba Cultural Terms in Inside Sumatera: Tourism and Life Style Magazine

Abstract

This thesis is entitled “Analysis of Translation Techniques and Shifts of Batak Toba Cultural Terms in Inside Sumatera: Tourism and Life Style Magazine”. It is a translation product analysis applying the descriptive qualitative method by adopting Newmark’s theory of cultural category (1988:95), Molina and Albir’s theory of translation techniques (2002:509), and Catford’s theory of shifts (1965:73-82). It aims to: (1) find out the category of the Batak Toba cultural terms; (2) analyze the translation techniques applied; and (3) analyze the shifts applied in 6 articles of Inside Sumatera: Tourism and Life Style magazine, namely: (1) Dua Jendral di Satu Kampung and its translation Two Generals in One Village; (2) Mangongkal Holi Leluhur Keluarga Ompu Djanile Raja Dorpi Pintu Batu and its translation Mangongkal Holi Ancestors Ompu Djanile Raja Dorpi Pintu Batu; (3) Tunggal Panaluan, Roman Incest, dan Kesaktian yang kian Terbenam and its translation Tunggal Panaluan, an Incestuous Romance and Buried Magic Powers; (4) Mudik and its translation “Mudik”: Return to the Village; (5) Cicak dan Orang Batak and its translation Geckos and Bataks; and (6) Opera Batak: Antara Nostalgia dan Mangongkal Tradisi yang Terkubur and its translation Batak Opera: Between Nostalgia and Buried Tradition. The results of this study reveal that: (1) the cultural terms of organisations, customs and concepts dominate all the cultural terms (55.93%), followed by material culture (25.42%), ecology (10.17%), and social culture (8.47%); (2) pure borrowing dominates all techniques (34.72%), followed by literal translation (16.66%), calque (9.72%), compensation (8.33%), description (6.94%), reduction (5.55%), adaptation (4.16%), generalization (4.16%), discursive creation (2.77%), particularization (2.77%), amplification (1.38%), modulation (1.38%), and transposition (1.38%) ; (3) intra-system shifts dominates all the shifts (50%), followed by unit shifts (35.18%), structure shift (11.12%), and class shift (3.70%).

Tesis ini berjudul “Analisis Teknik Penerjemahan dan Pergeseran Istilah Budaya Batak Toba dalam Majalah Inside Sumatera: Tourism and Life Style”. Penelitian ini menganalisis produk terjemahan dengan menggunakan metode descriptif-qualitatif. Analisis kategori budaya menggunakan teori Newmark (1988:95), analisis teknik penerjemahan menggunakan teori Molina dan Albir (2002:509), analisis pergeseran menggunakan teori Catford (1965:73-82), dengan tujuan untuk: (1) menemukan kategori budaya suku Batak Toba; (2) menganalisa teknik penerjemahan yang digunakan; dan (3) menganalisa pergeseran yang terjadi pada 6 artikel dari majalah Inside Sumatera: Tourism and Life Style, yaitu: (1) Dua Jendral di Satu Kampung dan terjemahannya Two Generals in One Village; (2) Mangongkal Holi Leluhur Keluarga Ompu Djanile Raja Dorpi Pintu Batu dan terjemahannya Mangongkal Holi Ancestors Ompu Djanile Raja Dorpi Pintu Batu; (3) Tunggal Panaluan, Roman Incest, dan Kesaktian yang kian Terbenam dan terjemahannya Tunggal Panaluan, an Incestuous Romance and Buried Magic Powers; (4) Mudik dan terjemahannya “Mudik”: Return to the Village; (5) Cicak dan Orang Batak dan terjemahannya Geckos and Bataks; and (6) Opera Batak: Antara Nostalgia dan Mangongkal Tradisi yang Terkubur dan terjemahannya Batak Opera: Between Nostalgia and Buried Tradition. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kategori budaya organisations, customs dan concepts mendominasi semua data yang ditemukan (55.93%), diikuti oleh kategori budaya material culture (25.42%), kategori budaya ecology (10.17%), dan kategori budaya social culture (8.47%); (2) teknik penerjemahan pure borrowing mendominasi semua penerjemahan (34.72%), diikuti oleh literal translation (16.66%), calque (9.72%), compensation (8.33%), description (6.94%), reduction (5.55%), adaptation (4.16%), generalization (4.16%), discursive creation (2.77%), particularization (2.77%), amplification (1.38%), modulation (1.38%), dan transposition (2.77%); (3) pergeseran intra-system mendominasi semua jenis pergeseran (50%), diikuti oleh unit shifts (35.18%), structure shifts (11.12%), dan class shifts (3.70%).