Karakteristik Pasien dengan Cedera Pelvis di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan Periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2017

Abstract

Objective Fractures and injuries to the pelvic ring may be associated with severe trauma and other associated injuries. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients with pelvic injury in Adam Malik Haji General Hospital Medan.

Material and Method The type of research conducted is a retrospective descriptive research method. This study was conducted in Medan Haji Adam Malik Hospital based on medical records of traumatic pelvic injury patients during the period of January 2016 - December 2017. The data used is secondary data taken from the records in the patient's medical record. The collected medical and demographic data is tabulated and presented in the form of a frequency distribution diagram or table and analyzed descriptively using total sampling.

Results During the period of research found from the medical record data of Medan Haji Adam Malik Hospital, there were 59 subjects with women as many as 18 subjects (30.5%) and 41 people (69.5%). . From the data collected, it was found that patients with a kindergarten background of 2 (16.9%), SD as many as 10 (16.9%) people, SMP as many as 8 (13.6%) people, high school as many as 25 (42, 4%) people, 10 (16.9%) people, and 4 (6.8%) people who don't go to school. Patients with tile type A1 total 12 patients (20.3%), tile type A2 as many as 18 people (30.5%), tile type B1 as many as 10 (16.9%), type tile B2 as many as 9 people (15.3 %), C1 tile type as many as 6 people (10.2%), C2 tile type as much as 1 (1.7%), and C3 tile type as much as 1 (1.7%). Patients with APC 1 compression type as many as 7 (11.9%) people, APC 2 as many as 13 (22%) people, APC 3 as many as 3 (5.1%) people, LC1 as many as 21 (35.6%) people, LC2 11 (18.6%) people, LC3 as many as 1 (1.7%) people, undefined as many as 2 (3.4%) people, and VS as many as 1 (1.7%) people.

Conclusion Patients who experience pelvic injuries are mostly male with an age range of 4-80 years. In terms of level of education, most patients are at the level of high school education. The most common mechanism of injury in pelvic injuries is lateral compression. The most common for tile classification is A2. Other most frequent injuries are lower limb fractures and the most common treatment for pelvic injuries are conservatives treatment.

Objektif Fraktur dan cedera pada cincin pelvis, yang mungkin diasosiasikan dengan trauma berat, secara umum merupakan cedera yang langka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien dengan cedera pelvis di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan.

Material dan Metode Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif retrospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan berdasarkan rekam medis penderita cedera pelvis traumatik selama rentang waktu Januari 2016 Desember 2017. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diambil dari pencatatan pada rekam medik pasien. Data medis dan demografi yang terhimpun ditabulasi dan disajikan dalam bentuk diagram atau tabel distribusi frekuensi serta dianalisa secara deskriptif menggunakan total sampling.

Hasil Selama kurun waktu penelitian dijumpai dari data rekam medis RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan dijumpai distribusi jumlah sampel subyek dengan cedera pelvic adalah sebanyak 59 subyek dengan perempuan sebanyak 18 orang (30,5%) dan laki-laki sebanyak 41 orang (69,5%). Dari data yang dikumpulkan didapati bahwa pasien dengan latar belakang pendidikan TK sebanyak 2 (16,9%) orang, SD sebanyak 10 (16,9%) orang, SMP sebanyak 8 (13,6%) orang, SMA sebanyak 25 (42,4%) orang, Sarjana sebanyak 10 (16,9%) orang, dan yang tidak sekolah adalah sebanyak 4 (6,8%) orang. Pasien dengan tile tipe A1 total 12 pasien (20,3%), tipe tile A2 sebanyak 18 orang (30,5%), tipe tile B1 sebanyak 10 (16,9%), tipe tile B2 sebanyak 9 orang (15,3%), tipe tile C1 sebanyak 6 orang (10,2%), tipe tile C2 sebanyak 1 (1,7%), dan tipe tile C3 sebanyak 1 (1,7%). Pasien dengan tipe kompresi APC 1 sebanyak 7 (11,9%) orang, APC 2 sebanyak 13 (22%) orang, APC 3 sebanyak 3 (5,1%) orang, LC1 sebanyak 21 (35,6%) orang, LC2 sebanyak 11 (18,6%) orang, LC3 sebanyak 1 (1,7%) orang, undefined sebanyak 2 (3,4%) orang, dan VS sebanyak 1 (1,7%) orang.

Kesimpulan Pasien yang mengalami cedera pelvik paling banyak berjenis kelamin laki-laki dengan rentang usia pada 4-80 tahun. Dari segi tingkat pendidikan paling banyak pasien berada pada tingkat pedidikan SMA. Mekanisme cedera paling banyak pada cedera pelvik adalah lateral compression. Klasifikasi tile yang paling banyak banyak adalah A2. Cedera lain yang paling sering adalah fraktur anggota gerak bawah dan tindakan untuk cedera pelvik yang paling banyak adalah konservatif.