Kajian Status Hara Tanah dan Hubungannya dengan Produksi Tanaman Salak (Salacca Sumatrana )

Abstract

This research was aimed to evaluate the nutrient status of the soil for Salak plants in Padangsidimpuan based on the productions of the plants. It was carried out from July up to September 2013. The research was carried out using field survey method. Sample taking was done with purposive sample method, namely the sample of plants with production capacity categorized into three, such as high, medium and low production. The observation was carried out to soil-pH, N-total (%) degree, available phosphor (ppm), exchanged calium (m.e/100 gr) and exchanged Magnesium (m.e/100 gr) and weight of fruit (Kg). Regression analysis with stepwise method was done to know the relationship between the parameters with production. The results showed that generally the nutrient status of the soil for salak plants in Padangsidimpuan had low Magnesium degree, medium Nitrogen and Phospor. Low plants production had low calium and magnesium degree. Medium plants production had low magnesium degree, high plants production had low phosphor and magnesium. Regression analysis result showed that pH, nitrogen, phosphor, calium of the soil had negative relationship with salak plants production. Stepwise analysis showed that the nitrogen degree of the soil was the most dominant influencing the production of salak high plants production, Nitrogen and Phosphor degree of soil for medium and Phosphor degree of soil was most dominants high plants production.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi Status hara tanah Tanaman salak Padangsidimpuan berdasarkan produksi tanaman, telah dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai September 2013. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survey lapang, pengambilan sample menggunakan metode purposive sample yaitu tanaman sample dengan kapasitas berproduksi yang diklasifikasi atas tiga kategori, tanaman berproduksi Tinggi, tanaman berproduksi Sedang dan tanaman berproduksi Rendah. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pH-tanah, kadar N-total (%), Fosfor-tersedia (ppm), Kalium-tukar (m.e/100gr) dan Magnesium-tukar (m.e/100gr) dan bobot buah (Kg). Untuk mengetahui hubungan antar parameter dengan produksi dilakukan analisa regresi dengan metode stepwise. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian secara umum bahwa status hara tanah tanaman salak Padangsidimpuan memiliki kadar Magnesium yang rendah, Nitrogen dan Fosfor kategori sedang. Tanaman berproduksi rendah memiliki kadar Kalium dan Magnesium tanah yang rendah. Tanaman berproduksi sedang memiliki kadar Magnesium tanah yang rendah, tanaman berproduksi Tinggi memiliki kadar Fosfor dan Magnesium tanah yang rendah .Hasil Analisis Regresi menunjukkan pH, Nitrogen, Fosfor, Kalium dan Magnesium tanah memiliki hubungan yang negatif dengan produksi tanaman salak . Hasil analisis stepwise menunjukkan bahwa kadar Nitrogen tanah adalah hara paling dominan mempengaruhi produksi pada tanaman salak berproduksi tinggi, Unsur Nitrogen dan Fosfor adalah hara yang paling dominan mempengaruhi produksi pada tanaman berproduksi rendah.