| dc.contributor.advisor | Harahap, Urip | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Masfria | |
| dc.contributor.author | Wahyuni, Fitrah | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-06-29T03:04:25Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-06-29T03:04:25Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2018 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/3864 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The inappropriate use of antibiotics has caused bacteria resistance to antibiotics and resulted in complicated infectious treatment. The effectiveness of antibiotics against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa keep to be investigated because both are pathogenic bacteria that are susceptible to resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to find and develop new antibacterials. The use of plant extract antibacterial alone or its combination with antibiotics is a rational approach for the infectious treatment. The jaloh plant (Salix tetrasperma Roxb.) is potentially antibacterial because the content of flavonoids, tannins, and steroids/terpenoids. The present study was aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic jaloh leaves extract (EEDJ) based on the influence of concentration and time and its combination effect with amoxicillin against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.
The dried jaloh leaves powder were macerated with 96% ethanol. The antibacterial activities of EEDJ and amoxicillin were tested by paper disc agar diffusion, killing-rate assay was by broth and agar dilution as well as combination effect assay was by agar diffusion checkerboard method against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal Wallis test for significant difference at p < 0,05.
The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa respectively were 4.5193 and 6.6039 mg/mL. Based on the killing-rate curve, EEDJ concentration 2xKHM decreased S. aureus and P. aeruginosa growth, and the contact duration of EEDJ against S. aureus was longer than 1xKHM. All of concentration ratio of EEDJ with amoxicillin combination resulted fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICI) < 1.
Based on the results of the study, EEDJ had a weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. EEDJ was concentration- and time-dependent killing against S. aureus, and concentration-dependent killing against P. aeruginosa. The combination EEDJ with amoxicillin showed a synergistic effect against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat menyebabkan bakteri resisten terhadap antibiotik dan ini berakibat infeksi sulit diobati. Keefektifan antibiotik terhadap bakteri seperti Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa terus diteliti sebab kedua bakteri patogen tersebut mudah mengalami resisten. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari dan dikembangkan antibakteri baru. Penggunaan antibakteri ekstrak tumbuhan tunggal atau kombinasinya dengan antibiotik merupakan pendekatan yang rasional dalam pengobatan infeksi. Tumbuhan jaloh (Salix tetrasperma Roxb.) berpotensi sebagai antibakteri karena mengandung flavonoid, tanin, serta steroid/terpenoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun jaloh (EEDJ) berdasarkan pengaruh konsentrasi dan waktu serta efek kombinasinya dengan amoksisilin terhadap S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa.
Serbuk simplisia daun jaloh dimaserasi dengan etanol 96%. Aktivitas antibakteri EEDJ dan amoksisilin diuji dengan metode difusi agar menggunakan pencadang kertas, uji killing-rate dengan metode dilusi cair dan padat serta uji efek kombinasinya dengan metode checkerboard difusi agar terhadap S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dengan tingkat signifikan beda p < 0,05.
Konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa masing-masing adalah 4,5193 dan 6,6039 mg/mL. Berdasarkan kurva killing-rate, konsentrasi EEDJ 2xKHM menurunkan jumlah S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa yang hidup, serta durasi kontak EEDJ terhadap S. aureus lebih lama dibandingkan 1xKHM. Semua perbandingan konsentrasi kombinasi EEDJ dengan amoksisilin menghasilkan konsentrasi hambat fraksional indeks (KHFI) < 1.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka EEDJ memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang lemah terhadap S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa. EEDJ bersifat concentration- dan time-dependent killing terhadap S. aureus, serta concentration-dependent killing terhadap P. aeruginosa. Kombinasi EEDJ dengan amoksisilin menunjukkan efek sinergis terhadap S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa. | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | id | en_US |
| dc.subject | Killing-Rate | en_US |
| dc.subject | Checkerboard | en_US |
| dc.subject | Salix Tetrasperma Roxb. | en_US |
| dc.subject | Staphylococcus aureus | en_US |
| dc.subject | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | en_US |
| dc.title | Penentuan Killing-rate Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jaloh (Salix tetrasperma Roxb.) dan Efek Kombinasinya dengan Amoksisilin Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa secara In Vitro | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
| dc.identifier.nim | NIM137014007 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.submitter | Nurhusnah Siregar | |
| dc.description.type | Tesis Magister | en_US |