Hubungan Posisi saat Buang Air Besar dengan Kejadian Konstipasi Fungsional pada Anak

Abstract

Background Natural posture for defecation was squatting posture and this method had been applied in the most country. One of the change that occurred due to industrial development was defecation posture alteration ussing sitting closet. Sitting posture was reported as the source of some health problem such as constipation, hemorrhoid, and diverticulitis. Objective To assess the relationship between children posture in defecation with functional constipation. Methods We conducted a cross sectional study on November 2010. The study samples were children aged 10 till 15 years old. Those who were eligible and consented to this study were divided into two groups, that is squatting and sitting group.By questioner, the samples was assessed for functional constipation criteria according to ROME III. Each groups was assessed for the constipation occurrence. Chi squarre test was used to assess the relationship between children posture in defecating with functional constipation. Results Sixty five children were enrolled to the study. There were no statistically significant difference on children based characteristic. There were significant correlations between sitting posture used in defecation with functional constipation in children (P<0.05). Conclusion The posture used in defecation correlated with functional constipation in children. Further research are required with all aspects covered to search the correlation between functional constipation with sitting posture used in defecation.

Latar belakang Posisi alamiah saat buang air besar adalah posisi jongkok dan metode ini digunakan di kebanyakan negara. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi akibat perkembangan industri adalah perubahan posisi saat buang air besar dengan penggunaan kloset duduk. Posisi duduk dilaporkan menjadi sumber beberapa masalah kesehatan seperti konstipasi, apendisitis, hemorrhoid, dan divertikulitis Tujuan Untuk menilai hubungan posisi anak saat buang air besar dengan kejadian konstipasi fungsional. Metode Penelitian dilakukan secara cross sectional selama November 2010. Sampel penelitian adalah anak berusia 10 sampai 15 tahun, dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok posisi jongkok dan duduk. Sampel melalui kuesioner dinilai kriteria konstipasi fungsional menurut kriteria ROME III. Masing-masing kelompok dinilai berapa angka kejadian konstipasi. Data dianalisis dengan uji kai-kuadrat untuk melihat hubungan posisi saat buang air besar dengan kejadian konstipasi fungsional. Hasil Enam puluh lima orang anak menjadi sampel penelitian ini. Tidak dijumpai perbedaan bermakna pada karakteristik dasar. Adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara posisi saat buang air besar dengan kejadian konstipasi fungsional pada anak (P<0.05). Kesimpulan Posisi saat buang air besar berhubungan dengan konstipasi fungsional pada anak. Masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut yang mencakup semua aspek dalam menentukan hubungan posisi duduk saat buang air dengan konstipasi fungsional.