Perilaku Pilih Bahasa dan Alih Kode Bahasa Indonesia Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa Fakultas Sastra Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara Maedan (Suatu Kajian Kasus Sosiolinguistik)

Abstract

The objective of this research is to describe language choice and code switching by the Students of Faculty of Letter Islamic University of North Sumatera (UISU). To know the role relationships and speech situations in using appropriate language choice, to know the dominant language use in the English Student Community at UISU. Besides, it is also observed the types of code switching and code switching phrases transferred to the language syntax matrix. In collecting the language choice data, the writer presents the questionnaires and code switching by direct observation the informal students language to the students Faculty of Letter at UISU. The language choice data is analyzed based on the value scale 1-5,while code switching data analyzed based on the matrix syntax category. The findings of the research are: The role relationship between students (class mate) has criteria more Indonesian than English (LBBI). The speech situations “greeting” has criteria more Indonesian than English (LBBI), the most dominant language use is more Indonesian than English (LBBI), that this language choice behavio r is very sen sitiv e to cau se co de switchin g among th e students. From the code switching data, it is found that there are three types of code switching i.e. word code switching, phrase code switching and clause code switching. There are six types of phrases found in the code switching result, they are: verbal phrase, adverbial phrase, noun phrase, adjectival phrase, prepositional phrase and numeral phrase.

P e n e l i t i a n i n i b e r t u j u a n u n t u k m e n d e s k r i p s i k a n p e r i l a k u p i l i h b a h a s a d a n a l i h k o d e d i k a l a n g a n m a h a s i s w a b a h a s a d a n s a s t r a I n g g r i s U n i v e r s i t a s I s l a m S u m a t e r a U t a r a ( U I S U ) . M e n g e t a h u i hubungan peran, peristiwa bahasa dan penggunaan pilih bahasa yang s e s u a i , s e r t a p e n g g u n a a n b a h a s a y a n g d o m i n a n d a l a m k o m u n i t a s mahasiswa bahasa Inggris UISU. Di samping itu diamati jenis alih kode dan frase-frase dalam alih kode yang dipindahkan ke dalam sintaksis bahasa matriks. D a l a m p e n g u m p u l a n d a t a p i l i h b a h a s a , p e n u l i s m e m b e r i k a n k u e s i o n e r d a n u n t u k m e m p e r o l e h d a t a a l i h k o d e d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n p e n g a m a t a n I a n g s u n g t e r h a d a p b a h a s a i n f o r m a l m a h a s i s w a b a h a s a dan sastra I nggris UISU. Data pilih bahasa dianalisis berdasarkan skala n i l a i 1 - 5 . S e d a n g k a n d a t a a l i h k o d e d i a n a l i s i s b e r d a s a r k a n k a t e g o r i sintaksis yang bermatriks bahasa Indonesia. H a s i l p e n e l i t i a n m e l i p u t i : H u b u n g a n p e r a n d e n g a n t e m a n sekelas memiliki kriteria Iebih banyak bahasa Indonesia (LBBI). Dan p e r i s t i w a b a h a s a “ m e n y a p a ” m e m i l i k i k r i t e r i a I e b i h b a n y a k b a h a s a I ndonesia (LBBI), sedangkan penggunaan bahasa yang paling dominan a d a l a h k r i t e r i a l e b i h b a n y a k b a h a s a I n d o n e s i a ( L B B I ) , s e h i n g g a perilaku pilih bahasa ini sangat rentan menimbulkan gejala alih kode di k a l a n g a n m a h a s i s w a b a h a s a d a n s a s t r a In g g r i s U I S U . D a r i d a t a a l i h kode diperoleh tiga jenis alih kode, yaitu : alih kode jenis kata, frase dan klausa. Dan d ari frase-frase y ang ditemu kan ad a 6 jeni s y aitu : frase verba, frase adverbia, frase nomina, frase adjektiva, frase preposisi dan frase numeralia.