Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Jahe (Zingiber Officinale Rosc.) terhadap Kadar Malondialdehid (Mda) dan Gambaran Histopatologis Tubulus Proksimal Ginjal Mencit yang Diberi Plumbum Asetat

Abstract

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a kind of multipurpose herb that can be used as seasoning, raw material from beverages and medicine because it contains antioxidant mostly used for health issues. Ginger excreted through kidneys contains polyphenols in the forms of gingerol and shogaol which are antioxidant in nature. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether or not there was the effect of oral ginger extract administration on the content of MDA (Malondialdehyde) and hitophatological description of mice kidney which was given Pb acetate. This study employed 24 adult male DD Webster strain mice (Mus musculus L.) of which were randomly divided into 6 groups. One control group (K) was given 0,5 ml Tween 80 in 2%, and 5 (five) experiment groups (P). P1 was given Pb acetate for 0,1 mg/g Body Weight, P2 was given ginger extract for 0,14 mg/g Body Weight, P3 was given ginger extract for 0,28 mg/g Body Weight, P4 was given ginger extract for 0,14 mg/g Body Weight after 1 (one) hour P4 was given Pb acetate for 0,1 mg/g Body Weight, and P5 was given extract for 0,28 mg/g Body Weight after 1 (one) hour P5 was given Pb acetate for 0,1 mg/g Body Weight via gastric sonde once a day and was observed for 30 days. On the 38 th day, the mice were decapitated to measure the content of MDA kidney and the proximal tubule histophatological description of their kidneys was observed. The data of MDA and histophatological description of kidneys were analyzed through Kruskal-Wallis test the microscopic data were analyzed throught Oneway-Anova and then it was continued with Post-Hoc test. The result of this study showed that the administration of ginger extract for 0,14 mg/g Body Weight was better to be used to minimize the content of MDA compared to the administration of ginger extract for 0,28 mg/g Body Weight. Ginger extract for 0,14 mg/g Body Weight was better to suspend the histophatological damage compared to ginger extract for 0,28 mg/g Body Weight. The conclusion is that the significant correlation between the content of MDA kidney and the description of histophatological damage (p > 0,05) was not found out although a very weak positive correlation (0,199) was seen.

Jahe (Zingiber officinalis Rosc.) merupakan herbal yang memiliki banyak manfaat antara lain sebagai bumbu masak, bahan baku minuman dan obat-obatan karena mengandung antioksidan yang banyak digunakan untuk masalah kesehatan. Jahe diekskresi melalui ginjal, sedangkan herbal ini mengandung polifenol berupa gingerol dan shogaol yang bersifat antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya efek pemberian ekstrak jahe secara oral terhadap kadar MDA (Malondialdehid) dan gambaran histopatologis ginjal mencit yang diberi Pb asetat. Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor mencit (Mus musculus L.) strain DD Webster dewasa jantan dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok secara random, yaitu satu kelompok kontrol (K) diberi 0,5 ml Tween 80 dalam 2% , dan 5 kelompok perlakuan: (P1) diberi Pb asetat 0,1 mg/g BB, (P2) diberi ekstrak jahe 0,14 mg/g BB, (P3) diberi ekstrak jahe 0,28 mg/g BB, (P4) diberi ekstrak jahe 0,14 mg/g BB setelah 1 jam, diberi Pb asetat 0,1 mg/g BB dan (P5) diberi ekstrak jahe 0,28 mg/g BB setelah 1 jam, diberi Pb asetat 0,1 mg/g BB, lewat sonde lambung 1 kali dalam 1 hari, dan diamati 30 hari. Pada hari ke-38 mencit didekapitasi untuk mengukur kadar MDA ginjal dan diamati gambaran histopatologis tubulus proksimal ginjalnya. Data kadar MDA ginjal dan gambaran histopatologis ginjal dinalisis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis sedangkan data mikroskopis dianalisis dengan uji Oneway-Anova dilanjutkan uji Post-Hoc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pemberian ekstrak jahe 0,14 mg/g BB lebih baik menurunkan kadar MDA dibandingkan dengan ekstrak jahe 0,28 mg/g BB. Ekstrak jahe 0,14 mg/gBB lebih baik menghambat kerusakan histopatologis dibandingkan dengan 0,28 mg/gBB. Tidak didapati korelasi yang signifikan antara kadar MDA ginjal dengan gambaran kerusakan pada histopatologi (p>0,05) walau kelihatan ada korelasi positif tetapi amat lemah (0,199).