Leksikon Ekologi Kesungaian Lau Bingei: Kajian Ekolinguistik

Abstract

This study entitles Lau Bingei River Ecology Lexicons: An Ecolinguistics Study discussed the research problems of (1) the lexicons of Lau Bingei river ecology, (2) how the Karonese community understands the Lau Bingei river ecology lexicons, and (3) the cultural value and environmental wisdom of Karonese community through Lau Bingei river ecology through ecolinguistics and anthropolinguistics theories. Descriptive qualitative method was used to analyze the Lau Bingei river ecology lexicons, cultural values and environmental wisdom and quantitative data was used to support the analysis of how the Karonese community understands the Lau Bingei river ecology lexicons. The result of the analysis showed that there were 14 groups of lexicons with 409 noun lexicons and 111 verb lexicons. The total number of lexicons found was 520. The lexicons were tested to the Karonese community in 16 kelurahan (villages) by providing 4 categories of choices to the community members of three different age groups such as ≥ 46 years old, 21 – 45 years old, and 15 – 20 years old. The result of the understanding of the Karonese community towards the noun lexicons of category A was JP 12093 (30.79%), category B was JP 14898 (37.94%), category C was JP 5251 (13.39%), and category D was JP 7018 (17.87%). The understanding of the Karonese community towards the verb lexicons of category A was JP 5465 (51.28%), category B was JP 2940 (27.59%), category C was JP 1466 (16.35%), and category D was JP 796 (7.46%). It was found out that Cultural value of the Karonese community in relation to Lau Bingei ecology lexicons contains (1) historical value, (2) religious value and harmony, (3) social and cultural values), (4) welfare value, and (5) characteristic value and environmental wisdom of the Karonese community in relation to Lau Bingei ecology lexicons contains (1) peace value, and (2) welfare and mutual cooperation values.

Penelitian ini mengkaji leksikon ekologi kesungaian Lau Bingei: kajian ekolinguistik. Permasalahan yang dikaji: pertama, leksikon ekologi kesungaian Lau Bingei, kedua, pemahaman guyub tutur bahasa Karo terhadap leksikon ekologi kesungaian Lau Bingei ketiga, nilai budaya dan kearifan lingkungan guyub tutur bahasa Karo melalui leksikon ekologi kesungaian Lau Bingei. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori ekolinguistik dan antropolinguistik. Untuk menganalisis leksikon ekologi kesungaian Lau Bingei, nilai budaya, dan kearifan lingkungan digunakan metode deskriptip kualitatif. Sedangkan untuk menganalisis pemahaman guyub tutur bahasa Karo terhadap leksikon ekologi kesungaian Lau Bingei didukung oleh data kuantitatif. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh 14 kelompok leksikon dengan jumlah 409 leksikon nomina dan 111 leksikon verba. Total leksikon terdiri atas 520 leksikon. Kemudian leksikon tersebut diujikan kepada guyub tutur bahasa Karo di 16 kelurahan dengan menyodorkan 4 kategori pilihan kepada tiga generasi usia ≥46 tahun, 21-45 tahun, 15-20 tahun, maka diperoleh hasil pemahaman guyub tutur bahasa Karo terhadap leksikon nomina kategori A JP 12093 (30,79%), B JP 14898 (37,94%), C JP 5251 (13,39%), dan D JP 7018 (17,87%). Pemahaman guyub tutur terhadap leksikon verba dengan kategori A JP 5465 (51,28%), B JP 2940 (27,59%), C JP 1455 (13,65%), dan D JP 796 (7,46%). Nilai budaya dan kearifan lingkungan guyub tutur bahasa Karo melalui leksikon ekologi kesungaian Lau Bingei mengandung nilai-nilai budaya yaitu (1) nilai sejarah, (2) nilai religius dan keharmonisan, (3) nilai sosial dan budaya, (4) nilai kesejahteraan dan (5) nilai ciri khas. Sedangkan, nilai kearifan lingkungan yang dapat digali melalui leksikon ekologi kesungaian Lau Bingei adalah (1) nilai kedamaian dan (2) nilai kesejahteraan dan gotong royong.