Perbedaan Kadar Serum Adiponektin pada Hamil Preeklampsia Berat dan Hamil Normal di Rsup.H.Adam Malik, Rsud.Dr.Pirngadi dan Rs Jejaring Fk Usu Medan

Abstract

BACKGROUND: preeclampsia is one of the contributor for maternal mortality rate. There are many factors and possibility can complicate and leads to mortality.the most important factor is endothelial damage by the end of preeclampsia stage. Adiponectin’s role is to reduce inflammation and vascular alteration. This research is held to find out adiponectin serum level differences between severe preeclampsia pregnancy with normal pregnancy. OBJECTIVE : to know the differences between adionectin levels in severe preeclampsia and normotensive preeclampsia METHODS: This study was cross sectional study. Research was held on delivery room of Obstetric and Gynecology department of Adam Malik Hospital, Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, and affiliated hospital of University of North Sumatra. Adinopectin serum level assessment was done on Prodia Laboratory Medan. Research was start from June 2013 untill the sample quantity was fulfilled. The population of sample are pregnant woman with preeclampsia and normal pregnancy on delivery room of Obstetric and Gynecology department of Adam Malik Hospital, Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, and affiliated hospital of University of North Sumatra. The independent variable is adiponectin, dependent variable is severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. Data analysis and statistical tests was perform to analyze difference between adiponectin level between normal pregnancy and preeclampsia using t-test statistic program with reliability level 95%. RESULT: The common characteristics of study subjects with severe preeclampsia was 20 – 35 years old (75%), primigravida (40%), with gestational age ≥ 37 weeks (70%). Average adiponectin level on pregnancy with severe preeclampsia is 2.686 μg/mL and average adiponectin level on normal pregnancy is 6.372 μg/mL which there is a statistically significant difference (p <0.001). Average insulin level on pregnancy with severe preeclampsia is 6.576 μIU/mL and normal pregnancy is 7,172 μIU/mL which no statistically significant difference (p>0,05). CONCLUTION: Adiponectin level on pregnancy with severe preeclampsia is lower than normal pregnancy.

LATAR BELAKANG: Preeklampsia merupakan penyumbang angka kematian ibu. Beberapa faktor dan kemungkinan preeklampsia akan menimbulkan komplikasi yang dapat berakhir dengan kematian. Hal yang paling penting adalah terdapatnya kerusakan endotel sebagai akhir dari preeklampsia. Adiponektin berperan dalam menekan proses inflamasi dan perubahan vaskuler. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar serum adiponektin pada pasien hamil preeklampsia berat dengan hamil normal. TUJUAN: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar adiponektin serum pada pasien hamil preeklampsia berat dengan hamil normal, METODE: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang (cross sectional study). Penelitian dilakukan di kamar bersalin bagian Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSUP H.Adam Malik, RSUD.Dr.Pirngadi dan RS Jejaring FK USU di Medan. Pemeriksaan kadar serum adiponektin dilakukan di Laboratorium Prodia Medan. Penelitian dilakukan mulai bulan Juni 2013 sampai jumlah sampel terpenuhi. Populasi adalah wanita hamil normal dan preeclampsia berat di kamar bersalin bagian Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSUP.H.Adam Malik, RSUD.Dr.Pirngadi, dan RS Jejaring FK USU di Medan. Dengan variable bebas: adiponektin, variable bergantung: preeklampsia berat dan hamil normal. Analisis data dan uji statistik dilakukan untuk menganalisa perbedaan antara kadar adiponektin hamil normal dengan preeclampsia berat menggunakan program uji statistik t-test dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. HASIL: Karakteristik subyek penelitian terbanyak dengan diagnosa PEB berumur 20-35 tahun (75%), hamil normal 20-35 tahun (85%) primigravida (40%), dengan umur kehamilan ≥ 37 minggu (70%). Rerata kadar adiponektin pada hamil preekalmpsia berat adalah 2.686 μg/mL dan rerata kadar adiponektin pada hamil normal 6.372 μg/mL dimana perbedaan tersebut bermakna secara statistik (p <0.001). Rerata kadar insulin pada hamil Preeklampsia berat adalah 6.576 μIU/mL dan hamil normal adalah 7,172 μIU/mL dimana perbedaan tersebut tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05). KESIMPULAN: Kadar adiponektin pada hamil preeklampsia berat adalah lebih rendah dibandingkan hamil normal