Hubungan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Retinopati Hipertensi dengan Stadium Retinopati Hipertensi di RSUP. H Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background : Hypertensive retinopathy has long been regarded as a risk indicator for systemic morbidity and mortality. Based studies show that hypertensive retinopathy caused direct or indirect to organs system and eye is one of them. These data support the concept that an assessment of retina vascular changes may provide further information for vascular risk stratification in persons with hypertension. Objective : To find out association between blood pressure on hypertension patient and hypertensive retinopathy in Adam Malik Hospital Medan Method : This study using observational cross sectional method which means the subject undergo examination one time. The patient consist of 51 subjects (102 eyes), then underwent a direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy Result : There were 51 subjects with hypertensive retinopathy, 22 patient of them (43.13%) are in 46 - 55 years age group and the most frequent grade of hypertensive retinopathy is grade II according to Scheie classification, American Academy of Ophthalmology, is 49 eyes (48.03%). Most of subjects is 28 person (54.9%) had stage II of systemic hypertensive, Joint National Commitee 7. Anova research showed that there is correlation between blood pressure with staging hypertensive retinopathy. From the table we can see significant blood pressure to find out existence of hypertensive retinopathy which p = 0.0001 (p < 0.05) Conclusion : The result shows that grading of Hypertension has association between blood pressure and staging hypertensive retinopathy

Latar Belakang : Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas paling sering di seluruh dunia. Kelainan pembuluh darah ini dapat berdampak langsung ataupun tidak langsung terhadap sistem organ tubuh, termasuk mata. Retinopati hipertensi adalah kondisi dengan karakteristik perubahan vaskularisasi retina pada populasi yang menderita hipertensi. Tujuan : Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan tekanan darah pada pasien retinopati hipertensi dengan stadium retinopati hipertensi di RSUP. H. Adam Malik Medan Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan cross sectional observasional dengan pengukuran data yang artinya terhadap subjek yang diteliti tidak diberikan perlakuan dan pengambilan data dilakukan dengan sekali pengukuran. Pasien terdiri dari 51 subjek (102 mata), kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan oftalmoskopi direk dan indirek Hasil Penelitian : Retinopati Hipertensi sangat erat kaitannya dengan peningkatan tekanan darah. Dari penelitian ini stadium retinopati hipertensi yang terbanyak adalah stadium II sebanyak 49 mata (48.03%) sesuai klasifikasi Scheie oleh American Academy of Ophthalmology. Dan 28 orang (54.5%) merupakan penderita retinopati hipertensi dengan hipertensi sistemik tahap II menurut Joint National Committee 7 Kesimpulan : Hasil ini menunjukkan ada hubungan bermakna antara peningkatan tekanan darah dengan stadium retinopati hipertensi