Peranan Kohesivitas Kelompok dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Studi Kasus pada Karyawan Departemen Produksi PT Tanimas Soap Industries)

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the role of group cohesiveness and emotional intelligence toward organizational citizenship behavior. Organizational citizenship behavior was measured by using organizational citizenship behavior scale; group cohesiveness was measured by using group cohesiveness scale and emotional intelligence was measured by using emotional intelligence scale. The study involved 369 production department employees of PT. Tanimas Soap Industries. The main result showed that group cohesiveness and emotional intelligence contributed to organizational citizenship behavior (R=0.838, R2=0.702, F=430.224; p<0.01). Furthermore, emotional intelligence gives higher contribution (R Square Change=0.694) to organizational citizenship behavior. In additional, this study also showed that three of the four aspects of group cohesiveness contributed to organizational citizenship behavior, there were group integration social, individual attraction to group task and individual attraction to group social. Group integration social gives the strongest impact (R Square Change=0.342) to organizational citizenship behavior. Meanwhile, four of the five dimensions of emotional intelligence contributed to organizational citizenship behavior, there were self awareness, self regulation, motivation and emphaty. Self awareness gives the biggest impact (R Square Change=0.210) to organizational citizenship behavior.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peranan kohesivitas kelompok dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap organizational citizenship behavior. Pengukuran organizational citizenship behavior menggunakan skala organizational citizenship behavior berdasarkan dimensi yang dikemukakan oleh Organ (1988), pengukuran kohesivitas kelompok menggunakan skala kohesivitas kelompok berdasarkan aspek yang dikemukakan oleh Cota (1995), dan pengukuran kecerdasan emosional menggunakan skala kecerdasan emosional berdasarkan dimensi yang dikemukakan oleh Goleman (2001). Dalam penelitian ini melibatkan 369 karyawan departemen produksi PT. Tanimas Soap Industries. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kohesivitas kelompok dan kecerdasan emosional berperan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (R=0.838, R2=0.702, F=430.224; p<0.01). Lebih lanjut, variabel kecerdasan emosional memberikan sumbangan lebih besar terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (R Square Change=0.694) dibandingkan variabel kohesivitas kelompok (R Square Change=0.008). Hasil tambahan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga dari empat aspek kohesivitas kelompok memberikan kontribusi terhadap organizational citizenship behavior yaitu aspek group integration social, aspek individual attraction to group task dan aspek individual attraction to group social. Diantara ketiga aspek ini, aspek group integration social memberikan pengaruh paling besar terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (R Square Change=0.342). Selanjutnya, ada empat dari lima dimensi kecerdasan emosional yang memberikan kontribusi terhadap organizational citizenship behavior, yaitu dimensi self awareness, dimensi self regulation, dimensi motivasi dan dimensi empati. Diantara keempat dimensi ini, dimensi self awareness memberikan pengaruh paling besar terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (R Square Change=0.210).