Keanekaragaman dan Distribusi Bivalvia Serta Kaitannya dengan Faktor Fisik – Kimia di Perairan Pantai Labu Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Abstract

The research of “The Diversity and Bivalvia Distribution and Its Relation to Physical-Chemical Factors in the Labu Beach of Deli Serdang Regency” has been done in January until March 2008. The sample was taken from three observation stations and each station was done by repeating 30 times. The interpretation of sample was difinitif by using Purposive Random Sampling method. Sample was taken by using scratch and was identified by using internet site. The result of laboratory measuring, physical-chemical factor refers to basic quality of sea water which was decided by the Cabinet Minister of Live Environment with Decision Document No. 51 Year 2004. From this laboratory result was gotten the result that the measuring of Physical – Chemical factor still located in the baindary limit. Which is needed and proper for Bivalvia living. The result of the research, was found 5 genera of bivalvia, which consist of 5 families, 3 ordos, 1 class, and 1 fillum, they are Anadara granosa, Andrana patagonica, Hecuba scortum, Mactra janeiroensis and Tellina exerythra. The biggest percentation value from these 3 stations were gotten that Anadara granosa that 642,2338 ind/m² (station III) and the lowest one is from Tellina exerythra that is 21,8150 ind/m² (station I). The diversity index of bivalvia ranges from 0,5028- 0,8680. Based on the distribution of bivalvia which located in Pantai Labu Kabupaten Deli Serdang it is clorogial to group distribution. The result of the correlation analysis with Pearson test showed that Orthofosfat is positively correlated with bivalvia variety which means the bigger Orthofosfat is the higher Bivalvia variety is in Labu Beach, Deli Serdang Residence.

Penelitian mengenai “Keanekaragaman dan Distribusi Bivalvia Serta Kaitannya dengan Faktor Fisik – Kimia di Perairan Pantai Labu Kabupaten Deli Serdang” telah dilakukan pada bulan Januari hingga Maret 2008. Sampel diambil dari tiga stasiun pengamatan dan setiap stasiun dilakukan 30 kali ulangan. Titik pengambilan sampel ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode Purposive Random Sampling. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan cakar dan diidentifikasi dengan menggunakan situs internet. Hasil pengukuran laboratorium faktor fisik-kimia mengacu pada baku mutu air laut yang ditetapkan oleh Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup dengan Surat Keputusan No. 51 Tahun 2004. Dari hasil laboratorium didapatkan hasil bahwa pengukuran faktor fisik – kimia masih berada dalam ambang batas yang layak untuk kehidupan Bivalvia. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bivalvia sebanyak 5 jenis‚ terdiri dari 5 famili‚ 3 ordo‚ 1 kelas dan 1 filum yaitu Anadara granosa, Andrana patagonica, Hecuba scortum, Mactra janeiroensis dan Tellina exerythra. Jenis yang memiliki nilai kepadatan populasi tertinggi dari masing-masing stasiun adalah Anadara granosa yaitu 642‚2338 ind/m² (stasiun III) dan terendah pada jenis Tellina exerythra sebesar 21‚8150 ind/m² (stasiun I). Indeks keanekaragaman bivalvia berkisar antara 0‚5028- 0‚8680‚ berdasarkan perhitungan indeks distribusi bivalvia yang terdapat di Perairan Pantai Labu Kabupaten Deli Serdang menyatakan distribusi berkelompok. Hasil analisis korelasi dengan uji Pearson menunjukkan ortofosfat berkorelasi positif terhadap keanekaragaman bivalvia, artinya semakin besar orthofosfat maka keanekaragaman bivalvia semakin tinggi di Perairan Pantai Labu Kabupaten Deli Serdang menunjukkan distribusi berkelompok.