Perbedaan Depresi pada Pasien Dispepsia Fungsional dan Dispepsia Organik

Abstract

The word dispepsia is a medical term that refers to a vague constellation of upper abdominal symptoms. Patients more commonly refer to this symptom, as indigestior Which is used sinonymously. Dispepsia is an extremely common condition. Dispepsia is the Fourth most common medical diagnosis. Defined dispepsia as episodic or persistent abdominal discomfort that is located in upper abdomen or epigastria. Other symptoms, such as bloating early satiety, distendon, and nausea, are commonly present. Dispepsia may be divided into two main groups : organic and functional. Organic dispepsia denotes dispepsia for which a responsible disease process has been identified. Common causes of organic dispepsia indude peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and galibladder disease. In many patients with dispepsia, clinical assessment and investigation fail to identify any abnormality to account for symptoms, and a diagnosis of functional dispepsia is made. In making this distinction, the clinician is confronted with a number of potential diagnostic tests. The patho physiological basis of symptoms is complex and unresolved. Over one-half of patients with dispepsia have either normal exams or non-specific findings. The majority of these patients are labeled as having no ulcer dispepsia or functional dispepsia. Thus, the primary use of endoscopies in patents with dispepsia is to diagnose peptic ulcer disease or atypical reflux esophagitis and to exclude malignancy. Upper endoscopies have become the study of first choice in the evaluation of most patients with dispepsia. The coexistence of treatable psychiatric disorder is commonly missed by primary physicians treating gastrointestinal problems. Unrecognized comorbid psychiatric disorder maybe causally related to symptoms; psychiatric disorders such as depression, and anxiety typically are associated with alteration in functioning of autonomic system. Also, most of those psychiatric disorders leave the patient with considerable distress, possibly amplifying the discomfort and disability cause by the gastrointestinal symptoms.

Telah dilakukan penelitian melalui pendekatan ilmu jiwa dan penyakit dalam sub bagian gastroenterologi, yang dilakukan terhadap 22 orang penderita dispepsia fungsional dan 22 orang penderita dispepsia organik yang berobat jalan di poliklinik sub bagian gastroenterologi RSH. Adam Malik Medan. Penderita dispepsia fungsional yang mengalami depresi sebanyak 14 orang (depresi ringan 5 orang, depresi sedang 4 orang, depresi berat 5 orang) dan dispepsia organik yang mengalami depresi sebanyak 8 orang (depresi ringan 3 orang, depresi sedang 4 orang dan depresi berat 1 orang) dilakukan pengobatan. Dan setelah pengobatan di lihat kembali gambaran depresinya. Metode penelitian dipakai adalah metode deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pasien dispepsia fungsional dan dispepsia organik yang mengalami depresi, serta perubahan depresi pada penderita dispepsia fungsional dan dispepsia organik setelah pengobatan. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah status psikiatri, kriteria diagnosis dispepsia baik fungsional maupun organik, dan PPDGJ III untuk 65 mendiagnosis depresi dan Hamilton Depresislon Rating Scale untuk mengukur skor depresi, Manfaat kegunaan penelitian ini adalah melihat seberapa besar penderita dispepsia fungsional dan dispepsia organik yang mengalami depresi, Dan melihat perubahan depresi pada pasien dispepsia fungsional dan dispepsia organik setelah pengobatan.