Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Bahan Media Filter dari Cangkang Kulit Telur untuk Pengolahan WWTP (Waste Water Treatment Plant) di PDAM Tirtanadi Medan

Abstract

The CaCO3 synthesized from chicken egg shells has been successfully carried out. Wastewater originating from households, trade and offices is obtained from the Wastewater Treatment Plant of PDAM Tirtanadi Medan. CaCO3 was synthesized from chicken egg shells through a facile top-down method. Based on the results of the characterization of the filter material, the surface morphology of CaCO3 is irregularly spherical with a normal distribution. In addition, from crystallinity testing, it was found that CaCO3 synthesized from chicken egg shells had a trigonal crystal structure. Functional group testing showed that the CaCO3 filter material has a wave absorption that is identical to that of the adsorbent. The performance of the filter material was analyzed by testing the filtered water sample using the filter material sample according to the water quality criteria. The results showed that the water filtered by the CaCO3 filter material sample had a total dissolved solids of 494 mg/L. The basic chemical parameters of the filtered water samples showed that the metal content of Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn were 0.006, 0.009, 0.003 and 0.001 mg/L, respectively. Based on the basic physical and chemical parameters above, in general, eggshell-based can be applied as a domestic wastewater filter, although further research needs to be done.

Preparasi bahan filter air limbah domestik berbahan dasar kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) yang disintesis dari cangkang kulit telur ayam telah berhasil dilakukan. Air limbah yang berasal dari rumah tangga, perdagangan dan perkantoran diperoleh dari Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah PDAM Tirtanadi Medan. CaCO3 disintesis dari cangkang telur ayam melalui metode top-down sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi material filter, morfologi permukaan CaCO3 berbentuk bulat tidak beraturan dengan distribusi yang normal. Selain itu dari pengujian kristalinitas, diketahui bahwa CaCO3 hasil sintesis dari cangkang kulit telur ayam memiliki struktur kristal trigonal. Pengujian gugus fungsional menunjukkan bahwa bahan filter CaCO3 memiliki daya serap gelombang yang identik dengan sifat adsroben. Performansi bahan filter dianalisis dengan menguji samper air yang telah difiltrasi menggunakan sampel bahan filter sesuai dengan kriteria mutur air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air hasil penyaringan oleh sampel bahan filter CaCO3 memiliki total padatan yang terlarut sebanyak 494 mg/L. Parameter dasar kimiawi pada sampel air hasil filtrasi menunjukkan bahwa kandungan logam Cu, Fe, Pb dan Zn berturut-turut adalah 0,006, 0,009, 0,003 dan 0,001 mg/L. Berdasarkan parameter dasar fisika dan kimiawi diatas, secara umum berbasis cangkang telur dapat diaplikasikan sebagai bahan filter air limbah domestik walaupun penelitian lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan.