Akurasi Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) terhadap Skin Prick Test (SPT) dalam Penegakan Rinitis Alergi

Abstract

Background. Allergic rhinitis is a nasal mucosal inflammation that is characterized by sneezing, rhinorrhea, itchiness, and nasal congestion. Rhinitis is not a serious disease. However, this disease can reduce the quality of life of the patient. Skin Prick Test (SPT) has become the gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. Other known diagnostic tool for allergic rhinitis is Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire. Purpose. The aim of this study is to obtain diagnostic value of Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) on Skin Prick Test (SPT) as an assessment on patients with allergic rhinitis. Method. The type of this research is a special design study of diagnostic test using cross sectional method, in which the researcher will calculate the total score of Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire on 16 subjects that have been tested with Skin Prick Test (SPT) in RSUP H Adam Malik. Results. The statistical test showed a significant association between positive Skin Prick Test (SPT) and Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) positive (p = 0.035), sensitivity of Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) 80% (CI 95%: 55 to 100%), specificity 83.3 (CI 95%: 54 to 100%), positive predictive value 88.9% (CI 95%: 68 to 100%), and negative predictive value 71.4% (CI 95%: 38 to 100%). Conclusion.This study demonstrates that the Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire can be used as a substitute for Skin Prick Test (SPT) in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.

Latar Belakang. Rinitis alergi merupakan suatu peradangn mukosa hidung yang ditandai dengan bersin-bersin, hidung berair, gatal, dan tersumbat. Walaupun rinitis alergi bukan penyakit berat, penyakit ini dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup penderita. Skin Prick Test (SPT) telah menjadi gold standard dalam penegakan rinitis alergi. Alat diagnostik lain berupa kuesioner Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR). Tujuan. Penelitian ditujukan untuk mendapatkan nilai diagnostik Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) terhadap Skin Prick Test (SPT) sebagai penilaian pada penderita rinitis alergi. Metode. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian desain khusus uji diagnostik dengan menggunakan metode potong lintang (cross sectional), dimana peneliti akan mencari total skor kuesioner Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) pada 16 subjek penelitian yang telah dilakukan uji Skin Prick Test (SPT) di RSUP H. Adam Malik. Hasil. Uji statistik menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara Skin Prick Test (SPT) positif dan Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) positif ( p=0.035), sensitivitas Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) 80% (IK95%: 55 sampai 100%), spesifisitas 83.3% (IK95%: 54 sampai 100%), nilai prediksi positif 88.9% (IK95%: 68 sampai 100%), dan nilai prediksi negatif 71.4% (IK95%: 38 sampai 100%). Kesimpulan.Penelitian ini menunjukkan kuesioner Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti Skin Prick Test (SPT) dalam penegakan diagnosis rinitis alergi.