Analisis DNA Barcode dan Hubungan Filogenetik Mangrove di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

Abstract

Mangroves are a collection of several types of trees or shrubs that grow around the coastline and can live in high salinity environments. Mangrove forests play an important role, as a source of livelihood, because they can produce various products of high economic value, including fuel (firewood and charcoal), building materials (beams, roofs, etc.), fisheries, food raw materials, medicines, and agritourism. DNA barcode is a method used for identification of living species. The purpose of this study was to analyze mangrove plants molecularly in mangrove forests in North Sumatra. A total of 75 squences of mangrove plants from the Percut area were obtained. The highest amplification success rate was rbcL followed by trnH-psbA, ITS, and matK. The highest success rate for squencing was rbcl with 82%, followed by trnH-psbA 72%, ITS 66%, and matK 60%. From the Pulau Sembilan area, 89 sequences of mangrove plants were obtained. The highest success rates for amplification were primers rbcL, trnH-psbA, ITS, and matK. The highest success rates were rbcL 90%, trnH-psbA 86%, ITS 75% and matk 57%. In the Lubuk Kertang area, 65 squences of mangrove plants were obtained with the success rate of amplification, namely rbcL followed by ITS, trnH-psbA, and matK. The highest success rate for squencing was rbcL and ITS as much as 83%, followed by trnH-psbA 80%, and matK 60%. The highest identification rate was found in rbcL primers at 90%, trnH-psbA at 89%, ITS at 72%, and matK at 66%.

Mangrove merupakan kumpulan beberapa jenis pohon atau perdu yang tumbuh di sekitar garis pantai dan dapat hidup pada lingkungan yang bersalinitas tinggi. Hutan mangrove memberikan peranan penting, sebagai sumber penghidupan, karena dapat menghasilkan berbagai produk yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi antara lain bahan bakar (kayu bakar dan arang), bahan bangunan (balok, atap, dll), perikanan, bahan baku pangan, obat-obatan, dan agrowisata. DNA barcode adalah sebuah metode yang digunakan untuk identifikasi spesies mahluk hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis tanaman mangrove secara molekuler di hutan mangrove di Sumatera Utara. Sebanyak 75 squence tanaman mangrove dari daerah Percut diperoleh. Tingkat keberhasilan amplifikasi tertinggi yaitu rbcL diikuti oleh trnH-psbA, ITS, dan matK. Untuk tingkat keberhasilan squensing tertinggi yaitu rbcl dengan 82%, diikuti trnH-psbA 72%, ITS 66%, dan matK 60%. Dari daerah Pulau Sembilan diperoleh sebanyak 89 squence tanaman mangrove. Tingkat keberhsilan amplifikasi tertinggi yaitu primer rbcL, trnH-psbA, ITS, dan matK.keberhasilan sequencing tertinggi yaitu rbcL 90%, trnH-psbA 86%, ITS 75% dan matk sebanyak 57%. Pada daerah lubuk kertang diperoleh 65 squence tanaman mangrove dengan tingkat keberhasilan amplifikasi yaitu rbcL diikuti ITS, trnH-psbA, dan matK. Tingkat keberhasilan squensing tertinggi adalah rbcL dan ITS sebanyak 83% diikuti trnH-psbA 80%, dan matK 60%. Tingkat identifikasi tertinggi terdapat pada primer rbcL sebesar 90%, trnH-psbA sebesar 89%, ITS sebesar 72%, dan matK sebesar 66%,.