Studi Komparasi Keberhasilan Teknis dan Finansial Sistem Pemeliharaan Ayam Broiler Sistem Closed House dan Open House di Sumatera Utara

Abstract

The first stage: direct observation was carried out in the village of Silau Malaha district of Siantar Simalungun district in JS closed house cage with a capacity of 15,000 head per floor with a cage area of 8 m x 120 m = 960 m2 with a two-level cage model (double deck). In the same area, observations were also made of the rs open house cage with a capacity of 4,500 broiler chickens measuring 8 m x 75 m = 600 m2 with a model of stage cage. The purpose of this observation is to see a comparison of the performance of broiler chickens to the influence of temperature and humidity on each cage. The results of technical and financial analysis are calculated based on daily and weekly record results from JS and RS breeders. Parameters observed from the results of temperature and humidity data that affect the performance of broiler chickens are harvest body weight, harvest age, FCR, depletion and Performance Index. The results showed that the performance in the closed house cage was better than the open house. The second stage: collecting data by filling out questionnaires as many as 104 respondents (31 closed house respondents and 73 open house respondents). The data obtained is collected then in statistically descriptive analysis with the help of IBM SPSS 20 using comprehensive analysis independent samples t test. Parameters observed understanding of biosecurity, Feed Conversion Rate (FCR), depletion, Performance Index, R/C ratio and Break Event Point (BEP). The results of statistical analysis of biosecurity understanding showed 35% of the results of a survey of 20 questions about biosecurity showed significant results between closed houses and open houses. The results of the analysis of FCR P(sig)>0.05 a real difference between closed house and open house, while analysis of P(sig)<0.05 depletion and P(sig)<0.05 Performance Index showed a real difference. Financial analysis of the R/C Ratio P(sig)>0.05 there is a real difference between a closed house or an open house. BEP analysis of closed houses and open houses illustrates P(sig)<0.05 is a real difference.

Tahap pertama: analisa deskriptif dengan observasi langsung dilakukan di desa Silau Malaha kecamatan Siantar kabupaten Simalungun pada kandang closed house milik JS dengan kapasitas 15.000 ekor per lantai dengan ukuran luas kandang 8 m x 120 m = 960 m2 dengan model kandang dua tingkat (double deck). Pada daerah yang sama dilakukan juga pengamatan terhadap kandang open house milik RS dengan kapasitas ayam broiler 4.500 ekor ukuran kandang 8 m x 75 m =600 m2 dengan model kandang panggung. Tujuan pengamatan ini untuk melihat perbandingan performa ayam broiler terhadap pengaruh suhu dan kelembaban pada masing-masing kandang. Hasil analisis teknis dan finansial dihitung berdasarkan hasil rekording harian dan mingguan dari peternak JS dan RS. Parameter yang diamati dari hasil data suhu dan kelembaban yang mempengaruhi performa ayam broiler yaitu bobot badan panen, usia panen, FCR, deplesi dan Indeks Performa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa performa di kandang closed house lebih baik dibanding open house. Tahap kedua: mengumpulkan data dengan mengisi kuisioner sebanyak 104 responden (31 responden closed house dan 73 responden open house). Hasil data yang diperoleh dikumpulkan kemudian di analisa secara statistik deskriptif dengan bantuan IBM SPSS 20 menggunakan analisa komperatif independent samples t test. Parameter yang diamati pemahaman terhadap biosekuriti, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), deplesi, Indek Performa, R/C ratio dan Break Event Point (BEP). Hasil analisa statistik terhadap pemahaman biosekuriti menunjukkan 35% hasil survey terhadap 20 pertanyaan mengenai biosekuriti menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan antara closed house dan open house. Hasil analisa terhadap FCR P(sig)>0,05, deplesi P(sig)<0,05 dan Indeks Performa P(sig)<0,05 menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata. Analisa secara finansial terhadap R/C Ratio P(sig)>0,05 ada perbedaan yang nyata antara closed house maupun open house. Analisa BEP terhadap closed house dan open house menggambarkan P(sig)<0,05 adanya perbedaan yang nyata.