Penerapan Asuhan Kefarmasian Terhadap Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Lubuk Pakam Deli Serdang Tahun 2021

Abstract

The role of pharmacists in the implementation of pharmaceutical care has beenshown to improve the outcome of therapy in Hypertension patients in various countries. This study aimed to implement pharmaceutical care to Hypertension patients and determine its impact on the incidence of drug-related problems (DRPs), clinical outcomes, levels of adherence, and quality of life of Hypertension patients in Puskesmas (Community Health Center) Lubuk Pakam. This study used a comparative experimental method with a prospective cohort-study design before and after the intervention of 73 types Hypertension patients in March- August 2021. Identification of the incidence of DRPs using the PCNE V9.00 instrument adherence level data was obtained using the MMAS-8 questionnaire, random blood glucose (RBG) data, and Blood Pressure values were obtained from direct examination of patients, and quality of life data was obtained using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test and Friedman test in the SPSS V22.0 program. The results showed that the average DRPs incidence before intervention was 1.436 ± 0.502 and after intervention became 0.282 ± 0.456 (α <0.05). Blood Pressure the average before intervention was 278.58 ± 75.278 mmHg and after intervention became 179.68 ± 14.008 mmHg (α <0.05). There was a significant increase in the average adherence score before the intervention was 5.00 ± 0.89 and after the intervention became 8.48 ± 0.77 (α<0.05) and the average quality of life score before intervention was 0.878 ± 0.176 and after intervention it became 1± 0.09 (α<0.05). Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the application of pharmaceutical care can improve clinical outcomes, adherence levels, quality of life, and reduce the incidence of DRPs in Hypertension patients in community pharmacy.

Peran apoteker dalam penerapan asuhan kefarmasian telah terbukti meningkatkan outcome terapi pada pasien Hipertensi di berbagai negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan asuhan kefarmasian pada pasien Hipertensi dan mengetahui dampaknya terhadap kejadian drug related problems (DRPs), outcome klinis, tingkat kepatuhan, dan kualitas hidup pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Lubuk Pakam Deli Serdang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental komparatif dengan desain penelitian kohort-studi prospektif sebelum dan setelah intervensi terhadap 73 pasien Hipertensi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi di Puskesmas Lubuk Pakam Tahun 2021. Identifikasi kejadian DRPs menggunakan instrumen PCNE V9.00, data tingkat kepatuhan diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner MMAS-8, data tekanan darah diperolehdari pemeriksaan langsung pada pasien, dan data kualitas hidup diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner EQ-5D-3L. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank dan uji Friedman dalam program SPSS V22.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kejadian DRPs rata-rata sebelum intervensi 1,43 ± 0,50 dan setelah intervensi menjadi 0,28 ± 0,45 (α<0,05). tekanan darah pasien 154,38 ± 75,27 dan setelah intervensi menjadi 144,04 ± 15,94 (α<0,05]). Rata- rata kepatuhan pasien meningkat dari sebelum intervensi 5,55 ± 1,50 menjadi 8,45 ± 0,73(α<0,05), dan skor kualitas hidup rata-rata sebelum intervensi 0,88 ± 0,18 dan setelah intervensi menjadi 1± 0,09 (α<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penerapan asuhan kefarmasian dapat meningkatkan outcome klinis, tingkat kepatuhan, kualitas hidup, serta menurunkan angka kejadian DRPs pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Lubuk Pakam