Analisis Timbulan, KomposisKarakteristik Sampah Rumah Tangga dan Potensi Biogas di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan dan Kecamatan Namorambe

Abstract

The waste problem is not only a short-term problem but will be a long-term problem if the waste management system is not adjusted to the amount of waste generated. Percut Sei Tuan Subdistrict and Namorambe Subdistrict are sub-districts located in Deli Serdang Regency. The two sub-districts have never directly sampled the generation, composition and, characteristics of household waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the generation, composition, characteristics of household waste and biogas potential from organic waste. Taking and measuring the generation and composition of household waste using the SNI 19-3964-1994 method. The average household waste generation in Percut Sei Tuan District is 0.24 kg/person/day or 3.39 liters/person/day. Meanwhile, the average household waste generation in Namorambe District is 0.21 kg/person/day or 3.13 liters/person/day. The composition of household waste in Percut Sei Tuan District consists of 65.28% organic waste, 17.18% plastic, 8.05% paper, 2.93% LWTR, 2.84% other waste, 1.88% metal, glass 1,82%, inert 0.02%. Meanwhile, the composition of household waste in Namorambe District consists of 68.89% organic waste, 15.55% plastic, 5.92% other waste, 4.81% paper, 2.54% LWTR, metal 1.31%, glass 0, 99% and, 0.19% inert. The characteristics of household waste in Percut Sei Tuan District consist of specific gravity of 0.091 kg/l, 33.10% water content, 56.85% volatile content, 3.85% ash content, 6.19% fixed carbon and, a calorific value of 3,679, 00 kcal/kg. Meanwhile, for Namorambe sub-district, it has a specific gravity of 0.099 kg/l. water content is 48.27%, volatile content is 44.82%, ash content is 3.80%, fixed carbon is 3.11% and calorific value is 3,682.60 kcal/kg. The biogas potential of organic waste in Percut Sei Tuan District is 644.571.45 m3/month and Namorambe District is 33,296.86 m3/month.

Masalah sampah tidak hanya menjadi masalah jangka pendek tetapi akan menjadi masalah jangka panjang jika sistem pengelolaan sampah tidak disesuaikan dengan timbulan sampah yang dihasilkan. Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan dan Kecamatan Namorambe merupakan kecamatan yang terdapat di Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Kedua kecamatan tersebut belum pernah melakukan sampling timbulan, komposisi dan karakteristik sampah rumah tangga secara langsung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui timbulan, komposisi, karakteristik sampah rumah tangga dan potensi biogas dari sampah organik Pengambilan dan pengukuran timbulan dan komposisi sampah rumah tangga menggunakan metode SNI 19-3964-1994. Rata-rata timbulan sampah rumah tangga di Kecamatan Perct Sei Tuan adalah 0,24 kg/orang/hari atau 3,39 liter/orang/hari. Sedangkan rata-rata timbulan sampah rumah tangga Kecamatan Namorambe adalah 0,21 kg/orang/hari atau 3,13 liter/orang/hari. Komposisi sampah rumah tangga Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan terdiri dari sampah organik 65,28%, plastik 17,18%, kertas 8,05%, LWTR 2,93%, sampah lainnya 2,84%, logam 1,88%, kaca 1,82%, inert 0,02%. Sedangkan komposisi sampah rumah tangga Kecamatan Namorambe terdiri dari sampah organik 68,89%, plastik 15,55%, sampah lainnya 5,92%, kertas 4,81%, LWTR 2,54%, logam 1,31%, kaca 0,99% dan inert 0,19%. Karakteristik sampah rumah tangga Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan terdiri dari berat jenis sebesar 0,091 kg/l, kadar air 33,10%, kadar volatil 56,85%, kadar abu 3,85%, karbon tetap 6,19% serta nilai kalor 3.679,00 kkal/kg. Sedangkan untuk Kecamatan Namorambe terdiri dari berat jenis sebesar 0,099 kg/l. kadar air 48,27%, kadar volatil 44,82%, kadar abu 3,80%, karbon tetap 3,11% serta nilai kalor 3.682,60 kkal/kg. Potensi biogas sampah organik di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan adalah 644.571,45 m3/bulan dan Kecamatan Namorambe 33.296,86 m3/bulan.